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| FEELING TECHNOLOGY Devices Included in this Data Sheet: FM8P51E : EPROM device FM8P51 : Mask ROM device FM8P51 EPROM/ROM-Based 8-Bit Microcontroller FEATURES Only 47 single word instructions All instructions are single cycle except for program branches which are two-cycle 13-bit wide instructions 8-bit wide data path 5-level deep hardware stack 4K x 13 bits on chip EPROM/ROM 140 x 8 bits on chip general purpose registers (SRAM) Operating speed: DC-20 MHz clock input DC-100 ns instruction cycle Direct, indirect addressing modes for data accessing One 8-bit real time clock/counter (Timer0) with 8-bit programmable prescaler Three 8-bit real time clock/counter (Timer1, Timer2, and Timer3) with period setting Internal Power-on Reset (POR) Built-in Low Voltage Detector (LVD) for Brown-out Reset (BOR) Power-up Reset Timer (PWRT) and Oscillator Start-up Timer(OST) On chip Watchdog Timer (WDT) with internal oscillator for reliable operation and soft-ware watch-dog enable/disable control Five I/O ports (38 I/O pins) with independent direction control 32 programmable pull-high input pins 12 wake-up pins 2 open-drain pins 2 R-option pins Clock output with high driving ability 19 channels of 15-bit resolution Resistor to Frequency Converter (RFC) output 2 channels of maximum 10-bit resolution Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) output Built-in 8-bit data comparator Seven internal interrupt source: Timer0 overflow, Timer1 match, Timer2 match, Timer3 match, SPI module (Receive & Transmit), RFC module; One external interrupt source: INT pin change Wake-up from SLEEP by port input change Power saving SLEEP mode Programmable Code Protection Built-in RC oscillator with external resistor Selectable oscillator options: - ERC: External Resistor/Capacitor Oscillator - ERIC: External Resistor/Internal Capacitor Oscillator - HF: High Frequency Crystal/Resonator Oscillator - LF: Low Frequency Crystal Oscillator Wide-operating voltage range: - EPROM : 2.3V to 5.5V - ROM : 2.3V to 5.5V This datasheet contains new product information. Feeling Technology reserves the rights to modify the product specification without notice. No liability is assumed as a result of the use of this product. No rights under any patent accompany the sales of the product. Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.1/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY GENERAL DESCRIPTION FM8P51 The FM8P51 series is a family of low-cost, high speed, high noise immunity, EPROM/ROM-based 8-bit CMOS microcontrollers. It employs a RISC architecture with only 47 instructions. All instructions are single cycle except for program branches which take two cycles. The easy to use and easy to remember instruction set reduces development time significantly. The FM8P51 series consists of Power-on Reset (POR), Brown-out Reset (BOR), Power-up Reset Timer (PWRT), Oscillator Start-up Timer(OST), Watchdog Timer, EPROM/ROM, SRAM, tri-state I/O port, I/O pull-high/open-drain control, Power saving SLEEP mode, 4 real time programmable clock/counter, Interrupt, SPI, RFC, data compare, Wake-up from SLEEP mode, and Code Protection for EPROM products. There are four oscillator configurations to choose from, including the power-saving LP (Low Power) oscillator and cost saving RC oscillator. The FM8P51 series address 4Kx13 of program memory. The FM8P51 series can directly or indirectly address its register files and data memory. All special function registers including the program counter are mapped in the data memory. BLOCK DIAGRAM Oscillator Circuit 5-level STACK SRAM Watchdog Timer Program Counter FSR PORTE PORTD ALU EPROM / ROM Instruction Decoder PORTC PORTB Interrupt Control Timer 0 ~ 3 Accumulator PORTA PWM RFC SPI Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.2/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY PIN CONNECTION PDIP Vss INT DATA/RFC17 CLK/RFC18 IOE0 IOE1 IOE2/SDI IOE3/SDO IOE4/SCK IOE5/SSB IOA0/PWM0 IOA1/CX IOA2/RFC0 IOA3/RFC1 IOA4/RFC2 IOA5/RFC3 IOA6/RFC4 IOA7/RFC5 IOD0/RFC6 IOD1/RFC7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 OSCO OSCI Vdd IOC0/PWM1 IOC1/RFC16 IOC2/RFC15 IOB7/RFC14 IOB6/RFC13 IOB5/RFC12 IOB4/RFC11 IOB3/RFC10 IOB2/RFC9 IOB1/RFC8 IOB0/T23CKI IOD7 IOD6 IOB5 IOD5 IOD4 IOD3 IOD2 FM8P51 FM8P51 FM8P51E 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 17 24 23 22 21 IOE7/CKOUT DATA/RFC17 IOC0/PWM1 CLK/RFC18 QFP OSCO OSCI IOC3 IOE6 Vdd Vss INT 42 44 43 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 IOE0 IOE1 IOE2/SDI IOE3/SDO IOE4/SCK IOE5/SSB IOA0/PWM0 IOA1/CX IOA2/RFC0 IOA3/RFC1 IOA4/RFC2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 IOC1/RFC16 IOC2/RFC15 IOB7/RFC14 IOB6/RFC13 IOB5/RFC12 IOB4/RFC11 IOB3/RFC10 IOB2/RFC9 IOB1/RFC8 IOB0/T23CKI IOD7 FM8P51 FM8P51E 22 21 12 IOA5/RFC3 13 IOA6/RFC4 14 IOA7/RFC5 15 IOD0/RFC6 16 IOD1/RFC7 17 RSTB 18 IOD2 19 IOD3 20 IOD4 IOD5 IOD6 Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.3/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY PIN DESCRIPTIONS Name I/O FM8P51 Description Bi-direction I/O port IOA0 ~ IOA7 I/O Software controlled pull-high for all pins Bi-direction I/O port with system wake-up function IOB0 ~ IOB7 I/O Software controlled pull-high for all pins IOC0 ~ IOC2 I/O Bi-direction I/O pins with driving ability selection IOC3 I/O Bi-direction I/O pin By connecting IOC4 and IOC6 together IOC4 is a bi-direction I/O pin with system wake-up and software controlled pull-high function CLK I/O IOC6 is a bi-direction I/O pin with software controlled open-drain output Note : Both IOC4 and IOC6 should not be defined as output pins at the same time. By connecting IOC5 and IOC7 together IOC5 is a bi-direction I/O pin with system wake-up and software controlled pull-high function DATA I/O IOC7 is a bi-direction I/O pin with software controlled open-drain output Note : Both IOC5 and IOC7 should not be defined as output pins at the same time. Bi-direction I/O port IOD0 ~ IOD7 I/O Software controlled pull-high for all pins IOD0 and IOD1 are R-option pins Bi-direction I/O pins with system wake-up function IOE0 ~ IOE1 I/O Software controlled pull-high for all pins Bi-direction I/O pins IOE2 ~ IOE5 I/O All pins can be pulled-high by software IOE6 ~ IOE7 I/O Bi-direction I/O pins INT I External interrupt input triggered by falling edge SDI I Serial data in for SPI SDO O Serial data out for SPI SCK I/O Serial clock for SPI SSB I Slave select (active low) for SPI PWM0 ~ PWM1 O PWM output pins RFC0 ~ RFC18 O The RC oscillator network output of RFC module CX I The RC oscillator network input of RFC module X'tal type: Oscillator crystal input OSCI I RC type: Clock input of RC oscillator X'tal type: Oscillator crystal output. OSCO O RC mode: Outputs with 1/4 the frequency of OSCI to denotes the instruction cycle rate CKOUT O Oscillator frequency output with high driving ability and output phase selection System clear (RESET) input. This pin is an active low RESET to the device. Internal weak RSTB I pull-high. Vdd - Positive supply Vss - Ground Legend: I=input, O=output, I/O=input/output Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.4/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY 1.0 MEMORY ORGANIZATION FM8P51 series memory is organized into program memory and data memory. FM8P51 1.1 Program Memory Organization The FM8P51 series have an 12-bit Program Counter capable of addressing a 4Kx13 program memory space. The RESET vector for the FM8P51 series is at FFFh. The H/W interrupt vector is at 001h. And the S/W interrupt vector is at 002h. FM8P51 series has program memory size greater than 1K words, but the CALL and GOTO instructions only have a 10-bit address range. This 10-bit address range allows a branch within a 1K program memory page size. To allow CALL and GOTO instructions to address the entire 4K program memory address range for FM8P51 series, there is another two bits to specify the program memory page. This paging bit comes from the PG<1:0> bits (STATUS<6:5>). When doing a CALL or GOTO instruction, the user must ensure that page bit PG<1:0> are programmed so that the desired program memory page is addressed. When one of the return instructions is executed, the entire 12-bit PC is POPed from the stack. Therefore, manipulation of the PG <1:0> is not required for the return instructions. FIGURE 1.1: Program Memory Map and STACK PC<11:0> Stack 1 Stack 2 Stack 3 Stack 4 Stack 5 FFFh Reset Vector : : 002h S/W Interrupt Vector 001h H/W Interrupt Vector 000h FM8P51 Series Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.5/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY FM8P51 1.2 Data Memory Organization Data memory is composed of Special Function Registers and General Purpose Registers. The General Purpose Registers are accessed either directly or indirectly through the FSR register. The Special Function Registers are registers used by the CPU and peripheral functions to control the operation of the device. In FM8P51 series, the data memory is partitioned into four banks. Switching between these banks requires the RP1 and RP0 bits in the FSR register to be configured for the desired bank. TABLE 1.1: Registers File Map for FM8P51 Series FSR<7:6> Address 00h 01h 02h 03h 04h 05h 06h 07h 08h 09h 0Ah 0Bh 0Ch 0Dh 0Eh 0Fh 10h | 1Fh 20h | 3Eh 3Fh 00 Bank 0 INDF TMR0 PCL STATUS FSR PORTA PORTB PORTC PORTD PORTE SPIRCB SPITXB SPISTAT SPICON TMR1 PR1 General Purpose Registers General Purpose Registers INTFLAG Description 01 Bank 1 10 Bank 2 11 Bank 3 N/A Memory back to address in Bank 0 OPTION 05h 06h 07h 08h 09h IOSTA IOSTB IOSTC IOSTD IOSTE T23CON TMR2 PR2 TMR3 PR3 PWMCON PW0DCL PW0DCH PW1DCL PW1DCH RFCCON RFCDL RFCDH CMPDX CMPDY CMPSTAT 0Ch 0Dh 0Eh 0Fh T1CON PHCON PCON INTEN Memory back to address in Bank 0 General Purpose Registers General Purpose Registers General Purpose Registers Memory back to address in Bank 0 TABLE 1.2: The Registers Controlled by OPTION/OPTIONR or IOST/IOSTR Instructions Address Name B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 Unbanked N/A (r/w) OPTION /PHBCE GIE PSA PS2 05h (r/w) IOSTA Port A I/O Control Register 06h (r/w) IOSTB Port B I/O Control Register 07h (r/w) IOSTC Port C I/O Control Register 08h (r/w) IOSTD Port D I/O Control Register 09h (r/w) IOSTE Port E I/O Control Register 0Ch (r/w) T1CON T1ON 0Dh (r/w) PHCON HDC /PHE /PHD 0Eh (r/w) PCON LVDTE ODE WDTE ROC 0Fh (r/w) INTEN SPITXIE RFCIE T3IE T2IE T1IE SPIRCIE Legend: - = unimplemented, read as `0', * = unimplemented, read as `1'. B1 PS1 B0 PS0 T1P1 /PHB INTIE T1P0 /PHA /WUE T0IE Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.6/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY TABLE 1.3: Operational Registers Map Address Name B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 FM8P51 B1 B0 Unbanked 00h (r/w) INDF Uses contents of FSR to address data memory (not a physical register) 01h (r/w) TMR0 8-bit real-time clock/counter 02h (r/w) PCL Low order 8 bits of PC 03h (r/w) STATUS GP PG1 PG0 TO PD Z DC C 04h (r/w) FSR RP1 RP0 Indirect data memory address pointer 05h (r/w) PORTA IOA7 IOA6 IOA5 IOA4 IOA3 IOA2 IOA1 IOA0 06h (r/w) PORTB IOB7 IOB6 IOB5 IOB4 IOB3 IOB2 IOB1 IOB0 07h (r/w) PORTC IOC7 IOC6 IOC5 IOC4 IOC3 IOC2 IOC1 IOC0 08h (r/w) PORTD IOD7 IOD6 IOD5 IOD4 IOD3 IOD2 IOD1 IOD0 09h (r/w) PORTE IOE7 IOE6 IOE5 IOE4 IOE3 IOE2 IOE1 IOE0 Bank 0 0Ah (r/w) SPIRCB RC7 RC6 RC5 RC4 RC3 RC2 RC1 RC0 0Bh (r/w) SPITXB TX7 TX6 TX5 TX4 TX3 TX2 TX1 TX0 0Ch (r/w) SPISTAT TXBFIF TXBF TM1IF SDOOD SCKOD RCBFIF RCBF 0Dh (r/w) SPICON CKEDG SPION RCOV SSE SSEMOD SPIM2 SPIM1 SPIM0 0Eh (r/w) TMR1 TMR17 TMR16 TMR15 TMR14 TMR13 TMR12 TMR11 TMR10 0Fh (r/w) PR1 PR17 PR16 PR15 PR14 PR13 PR12 PR11 PR10 Bank 1 0Ah (r/w) T23CON T16 T3ON T3CS T2ON T2CS 0Bh (r/w) TMR2 TMR27 TMR26 TMR25 TMR24 TMR23 TMR22 TMR21 TMR20 0Ch (r/w) PR2 PR27 PR26 PR25 PR24 PR23 PR22 PR21 PR20 0Dh (r/w) TMR3 TMR37 TMR36 TMR35 TMR34 TMR33 TMR32 TMR31 TMR30 0Eh (r/w) PR3 PR37 PR36 PR35 PR34 PR33 PR32 PR31 PR30 0Fh Unimplemented, read as "0"s Bank 2 0Ah (r/w) PWMCON PW1T3 PW1ON PW0ON 0Bh (r/w) PW0DCL DC1 DC0 0Ch (r/w) PW0DCH DC9 DC8 DC7 DC6 DC5 DC4 DC3 DC2 0Dh (r/w) PW1DCL DC1 DC0 0Eh (r/w) PW1DCH DC9 DC8 DC7 DC6 DC5 DC4 DC3 DC2 0Fh Unimplemented, read as "0"s Bank 3 0Ah (r/w) RFCCON RFCON START RFCS4 RFCS3 RFCS2 RFCS1 RFCS0 0Bh (r) RFCDL RFCD7 RFCD6 RFCD5 RFCD4 RFCD3 RFCD2 RFCD1 RFCD0 0Ch (r) RFCDH RFCOV RFCD14 RFCD13 RFCD12 RFCD11 RFCD10 RFCD9 RFCD8 0Dh (r/w) CMPDX DX7 DX6 DX5 DX4 DX3 DX2 DX1 DX0 0Eh (r/w) CMPDY DY7 DY6 DY5 DY4 DY3 DY2 DY1 DY0 0Fh (r) CMPSTAT CMPF3 CMPF2 CMPF1 CMPF0 Unbanked 3Fh (r/w) INTFLAG SPITXIF RFCIF T3IF T2IF T1IF SPIRCIF INTIF T0IF Legend: - = unimplemented, read as `0', * = unimplemented, read as `1'. Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.7/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY 2.0 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTIONS 2.1 Operational Registers 2.1.1 INDF (Indirect Addressing Register) Address 00h (r/w) Name INDF B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 FM8P51 B1 B0 Uses contents of FSR to address data memory (not a physical register) The INDF Register is not a physical register. Any instruction accessing the INDF register can actually access the register pointed by FSR Register. Reading the INDF register itself indirectly (FSR="0") will read 00h. Writing to the INDF register indirectly results in a no-operation (although status bits may be affected). The bits 5-0 of FSR register are used to select up to 64 registers (address: 00h ~ 3Fh). In FM8P51 series, the data memory is partitioned into four banks. Switching between these banks requires the RP1 and RP0 bits in the FSR register to be configured for the desired bank. The lower locations of each bank are reserved for the Special Function Registers. Above the Special Function Registers are General Purpose Registers. All Special Function Registers and some of General Purpose Registers from other banks are mirrored in bank 0 for code reduction and quicker access. Accessed Bank 0 1 2 3 RP1:RP0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 EXAMPLE 2.1: INDIRECT ADDRESSING Register file 38 contains the value 10h Register file 39 contains the value 0Ah Load the value 38 into the FSR Register A read of the INDF Register will return the value of 10h Increment the value of the FSR Register by one (@FSR=39h) A read of the INDR register now will return the value of 0Ah. FIGURE 2.1: Direct/Indirect Addressing for FM8P51 Series Direct Addressing RP1:RP0 5 from opcode 0 Indirect Addressing 5 from FSR register 0 bank select location select 00h 00 01 10 11 location select addressing INDF register 3Fh Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.8/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY 2.1.2 TMR0 (Time Clock/Counter register) Address 01h (r/w) Name TMR0 B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 8-bit real-time clock/counter FM8P51 B1 B0 The Timer0 is a 8-bit timer/counter. The clock source of Timer0 can come from the instruction cycle clock. The prescaler is assigned to Timer0 by clearing the PSA bit (OPTION<3>). In this case, the prescaler will be cleared when TMR0 register is written with a value. 2.1.3 PCL (Low Bytes of Program Counter) & Stack Address 02h (r/w) Name PCL B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 Low order 8 bits of PC B2 B1 B0 FM8P51 devices have a 12-bit wide Program Counter (PC) and five-level deep 12-bit hardware push/pop stack. The low byte of PC is called the PCL register. This register is readable and writable. The high byte of PC is called the PCH register. This register contains the PC<11:8> bits and is not directly readable or writable. All updates to the PCH register go through the PG<1:0> bits (STATUS<6:5>). As a program instruction is executed, the Program Counter will contain the address of the next program instruction to be executed. The PC value is increased by one, every instruction cycle, unless an instruction changes the PC. For a GOTO instruction, the PC<9:0> is provided by the GOTO instruction word. The PC<11:10> is updated from the PG<1:0> bits (STATUS<6:5>). The PCL register is mapped to PC<7:0>. For a CALL instruction, the PC<9:0> is provided by the CALL instruction word. The PC<11:10> is updated from the PG<1:0> bits (STATUS<6:5>). The next PC will be loaded (PUSHed) onto the top of STACK. The PCL register is mapped to PC<7:0>. For a RETIA, RETFIE, or RETURN instruction, the PC are updated (POPed) from the top of STACK. The PCL register is mapped to PC<7:0>. For any instruction where the PCL is the destination (excluding TBL instruction), the PC<7:0> is provided by the instruction word or ALU result, and the PC<9:8> will be cleared. The PC<11:10> will come from the PG<1:0> bits (STATUS<6:5>). For TBL instruction, the PC<7:0> is provided by the ALU result, and the PC<9:8> are not changed. The PC<11:10> will come from the PG<1:0> bits (STATUS<6:5>). Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.9/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY FIGURE 2.2: Loading of PC in Different Situations Situation 1: GOTO Instruction PCH 11 10 9 PC PG<1:0> --STATUS PCL 8 7 0 FM8P51 Opcode<9:0> Situation 2: CALL Instruction PCH 11 10 9 PC PG<1:0> --STATUS Opcode<9:0> PCL 8 7 0 STACK<11:0> Situation 3: RETIA, RETFIE, or RETURN Instruction STACK<11:0> PCH 11 10 9 PC PCL 8 7 0 - --STATUS - - Situation 4: Instruction with PCL as destination (excluding TBL instruction) PCH 11 10 9 PC 0 PCL 8 0 7 0 ALU result<7:0> or Opcode<7:0> - PG<1:0> --STATUS Situation 5: TBL Instruction PCH 11 10 9 PC PG<1:0> --STATUS PCH<9:8> bits are unchanged ALU result<7:0> PCL 8 7 0 Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.10/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY 2.1.4 STATUS (Status Register) Address 03h (r/w) Name STATUS B7 GP B6 PG1 B5 PG0 B4 TO B3 PD FM8P51 B2 Z B1 DC B0 C This register contains the arithmetic status of the ALU, the RESET status. If the STATUS Register is the destination for an instruction that affects the Z, DC or C bits, then the write to these three bits is disabled. These bits are set or cleared according to the device logic. Furthermore, the TO and PD bits are not writable. Therefore, the result of an instruction with the STATUS Register as destination may be different than intended. For example, CLRR STATUS will clear the upper three bits and set the Z bit. This leaves the STATUS Register as 000u u1uu (where u = unchanged). C : Carry/borrow bit. ADDAR, ADDIA = 1, a carry occurred. = 0, a carry did not occur. SUBAR, SUBIA = 1, a borrow did not occur. = 0, a borrow occurred. Note : A subtraction is executed by adding the two's complement of the second operand. For rotate (RRR, RLR) instructions, this bit is loaded with either the high or low order bit of the source register. DC : Half carry/half borrow bit. ADDAR, ADDIA = 1, a carry from the 4th low order bit of the result occurred. = 0, a carry from the 4th low order bit of the result did not occur. SUBAR, SUBIA = 1, a borrow from the 4th low order bit of the result did not occur. = 0, a borrow from the 4th low order bit of the result occurred. Z : Zero bit. = 1, the result of a logic operation is zero. = 0, the result of a logic operation is not zero. PD : Power down flag bit. = 1, after power-up or by the CLRWDT instruction. = 0, by the SLEEP instruction. TO : Time overflow flag bit. = 1, after power-up or by the CLRWDT or SLEEP instruction. = 0, a watch-dog time overflow occurred. PG1:PG0 : Program memory page select bits. Used for GOTO, CALL, or any instruction with PCL as destination. PG1 PG0 Program Memory Page [Address] 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 Page 0 Page 1 Page 2 Page 3 [000h~3FFh] [400h~7FFh] [800h~BFFh] [C00h~FFFh] GP : General purpose read/write bit. Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.11/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY 2.1.5 FSR (Indirect Data Memory Address Pointer) Address 04h (r/w) Name FSR B7 RP1 B6 RP0 B5 B4 B3 B2 FM8P51 B1 B0 Indirect data memory address pointer Bit5:Bit0 : Select registers address in the indirect addressing mode. See 2.1.1 for detail description. RP1:RP0 : These bits are used to switching the bank of four data memory banks. See 2.1.1 for detail description. 2.1.6 PORTA, PORTB, PORTC, PORTD & PORTE (Port Data Registers) Address 05h (r/w) 06h (r/w) 07h (r/w) 08h (r/w) 09h (r/w) Name PORTA PORTB PORTC PORTD PORTE B7 IOA7 IOB7 IOC7 IOD7 IOE7 B6 IOA6 IOB6 IOC6 IOD6 IOE6 B5 IOA5 IOB5 IOC5 IOD5 IOE5 B4 IOA4 IOB4 IOC4 IOD4 IOE4 B3 IOA3 IOB3 IOC3 IOD3 IOE3 B2 IOA2 IOB2 IOC2 IOD2 IOE2 B1 IOA1 IOB1 IOC1 IOD1 IOE1 B0 IOA0 IOB0 IOC0 IOD0 IOE0 Reading the port (PORTA, PORTB, PORTC, PORTD, PORTE register) reads the status of the pins independent of the pin's input/output modes. Writing to these ports will write to the port data latch. 2.1.7 SPIRCB (SPI Receive Buffer Register) (Bank 0) Address 0Ah (r/w) Name SPIRCB B7 RC7 B6 RC6 B5 RC5 B4 RC4 B3 RC3 B2 RC2 B1 RC1 B0 RC0 RC7:RC0 : SPI receives data buffer. Once the 8-bits data have been received, the data in SPI shift register (SPISR) will be moved to the SPIRCB register. The data must be read out before the next 8-bits data reception is completed if needed. The RCBF flag is set when the data in SPISR is moved to the SPIRCB register, and cleared as the SPIRCB register reads. 2.1.8 SPITXB (SPI Transmit Buffer Register) (Bank 0) Address 0Bh (r/w) Name SPITXB B7 TX7 B6 TX6 B5 TX5 B4 TX4 B3 TX3 B2 TX2 B1 TX1 B0 TX0 TX7:TX0 : SPI transmits data buffer. Once the first valid clock pulse appear on SCK pin, the data in SPITXB will be loaded into SPISR and start to shift in/out. The new data must be written to SPITXB before the 8-bits data transmission is completed if needed. The TXBF flag is set when the data in SPITXB is moved to the SPISR register, and cleared as the SPITXB register writes. 2.1.9 SPISTAT (SPI Status Register) (Bank 0) Address 0Ch (r/w) Name SPISTAT B7 B6 TXBFIF B5 TXBF B4 TM1IF B3 SDOOD B2 SCKOD B1 RCBFIF B0 RCBF RCBF : SPI receive buffer full flag. Set when the data in SPISR is moved to the SPIRCB register, reset by software or by reading SPIRCB register. = 1, Receive complete, SPIRCB is full. = 0, Receive not complete, SPIRCB is empty. Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.12/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY FM8P51 RCBFIF : SPI receive buffer full interrupt flag. Set when the data in SPISR is moved to the SPIRCB register, reset by software. = 1, Receive complete, SPIRCB is full. = 0, Receive not complete, SPIRCB is empty. SCKOD : Open-drain control bit for SCK pin output = 1, Open-drain enable. = 0, Open-drain disable. SDOOD : Open-drain control bit for SDO pin output = 1, Open-drain enable. = 0, Open-drain disable. TM1IF : SPI receive complete interrupt flag in Timer 1 mode. Set when receiving complete, reset by software. = 1, In Timer 1 mode, receiving complete. = 0, In Timer 1 mode, receiving not complete yet. TXBF : SPI transmit buffer empty flag. Set when the data in SPITXB is moved to the SPISR register, reset by software or by writing SPITXB register. = 1, Transmit start, SPITXB is empty. = 0, SPITXB is full. TXBFIF : SPI transmit buffer empty interrupt flag. Set when the data in SPITXB is moved to the SPISR register, reset by software. = 1, Transmit start, SPITXB is empty. = 0, SPITXB is full. 2.1.10 SPICON (SPI Control Register) (Bank 0) Address 0Dh (r/w) Name SPICON B7 CKEDG B6 SPION B5 RCOV B4 SSE B3 SSEMOD B2 SPIM2 B1 SPIM1 B0 SPIM0 SPIM2:SPIM0 : SPI mode setting SPIM2 : SPIM0 0, 0, 0 0, 0, 1 0, 1, 0 0, 1, 1 1, 0, 0 1, 0, 1 1, 1, 0 1, 1, 1 SSP Mode SPI master mode, clock = Fosc/2 SPI master mode, clock = Fosc/4 SPI master mode, clock = Fosc/8 SPI master mode, clock = Fosc/16 SPI master mode, clock = Fosc/32 SPI slave mode, clock = SCK pin, SSB pin control enabled SPI slave mode, clock = SCK pin, SSB pin control disabled SPI master mode, clock = Timer1 output/2 SSEMOD : SSE bit control enable bit = 1, Disable the SSE bit control. It means the SCK input/output directly. = 0, Enable the SSE bit control. It means the SCK input/output will be inhibited if SSE = 0. SSE : SPI shift register enable bit = 1, Start to transmit/receive, and keep on "1" while the current byte is still being transmitted/received. = 0, Reset by hardware as soon as the shifting is complete. Note : this bit is a "don't care" if SSEMOD = 1. RCOV : SPI receive buffer overflow bit (only in slave mode) Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.13/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY FM8P51 = 1, A new byte is received while the SPIRCB register is still holding the previous data. In this case, the data in SPISR register will be ignored and lost. = 0, Not overflow. SPION : SPI module enable bit = 1, Enable SPI module. = 0, Disable SPI module. CKEDG : Clock edge select bit = 1, Data shifts out on falling edge of SCK, and shifts in on rising edge of SCK. = 0, Data shifts in on rising edge of SCK, and shifts in on falling edge of SCK. 2.1.11 TMR1 (Timer 1 Register) (Bank 0) Address 0Eh (r/w) Name TMR1 B7 TMR17 B6 TMR16 B5 TMR15 B4 TMR14 B3 TMR13 B2 TMR12 B1 TMR11 B0 TMR10 TMR17:TMR10 : Timer 1 register and increase until the value matches to PR1 register, and then reset to "0". 2.1.12 PR1 (Timer 1 Pulse-width Register) (Bank 0) Address 0Fh (r/w) Name PR1 B7 PR17 B6 PR16 B5 PR15 B4 PR14 B3 PR13 B2 PR12 B1 PR11 B0 PR10 PR17:PR10 : Timer 1 period register. 2.1.13 T23CON (Timer 2&3 Control Register) (Bank 1) Address 0Ah (r/w) Name T23CON B7 B6 B5 B4 T16 B3 T3ON B2 T3CS B1 T2ON B0 T2CS T2CS : Timer 2 clock source selection bit = 1, External clock input T23CKI pin. = 0, Internal clock Fosc/4. T2ON : Timer 2 module enable bit = 1, Enable Timer 2 module. = 0, Disable Timer 2 module. T3CS : Timer 3 clock source selection bit = 1, External clock input T23CKI pin. = 0, Internal clock Fosc/4. T3ON : Timer 3 module enable bit = 1, Enable Timer 3 module. = 0, Disable Timer 3 module. T16 : 8-bit or 16-bit timer selection bit for Timer2 & Timer3 = 1, Timer2 & Timer3 are concatenated to form a 16-bit timer. = 0, Timer2 & Timer3 are two 8-bit incrementing timers. Bit7:BIT5 : Not used. Read as "0"s Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.14/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY 2.1.14 TMR2 (Timer 2 Register) (Bank 1) Address 0Bh (r/w) Name TMR2 B7 TMR27 B6 TMR26 B5 TMR25 B4 TMR24 B3 TMR23 B2 TMR22 FM8P51 B1 TMR21 B0 TMR20 TMR27:TMR20 : Timer 2 register and increase until the value matches to PR2 register, and then reset to "0". 2.1.15 PR2 (Timer 2 Pulse-width Register) (Bank 1) Address 0Ch (r/w) Name PR2 B7 PR27 B6 PR26 B5 PR25 B4 PR24 B3 PR23 B2 PR22 B1 PR21 B0 PR20 PR27:PR20 : Timer 2 period register. 2.1.16 TMR3 (Timer 3 Register) (Bank 1) Address 0Dh (r/w) Name TMR3 B7 TMR37 B6 TMR36 B5 TMR35 B4 TMR34 B3 TMR33 B2 TMR32 B1 TMR31 B0 TMR30 TMR37:TMR30 : Timer 3 register and increase until the value matches to PR3 register, and then reset to "0". 2.1.17 PR3 (Timer 3 Pulse-width Register) (Bank 1) Address 0Eh (r/w) Name PR3 B7 PR37 B6 PR36 B5 PR35 B4 PR34 B3 PR33 B2 PR32 B1 PR31 B0 PR30 PR37:PR30 : Timer 3 period register. 2.1.18 PWMCON (PWM Control Register) (Bank 2) Address 0Ah (r/w) Name PWMCON B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 PW1T3 B1 PW1ON B0 PW0ON PW0ON : PWM0 module enable bit = 1, Enable PWM0 output, IOA0/PWM0 pin is configured to PWM0 pin. = 0, Disable PWM0 output, IOA0/PWM0 pin is configured to IOA0 pin. PW1ON : PWM1 module enable bit = 1, Enable PWM1 output, IOC0/PWM1 pin is configured to PWM1 pin. = 0, Disable PWM1 output, IOC0/PWM1 pin is configured to IOC0 pin. PW1T3 : PWM1 time base selection bit = 1, the PWM1 time base is determined by TMR3 and PR3. = 0, the PWM1 time base is determined by TMR2 and PR2. Bit7:bit3 : Not used. Read as "0"s. Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.15/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY 2.1.19 PW0DCL (PWM0 Duty Cycle Register Low Byte) (Bank 2) Address 0Bh (r/w) Name PW0DCL B7 DC1 B6 DC0 B5 B4 B3 B2 - FM8P51 B1 B0 - Bit5:bit0 : Not used. Read as "0"s. DC1:DC0 : The low bits of PWM0 duty cycle. 2.1.20 PW0DCH (PWM0 Duty Cycle Register High Byte) (Bank 2) Address 0Ch (r/w) Name PW0DCH B7 DC9 B6 DC8 B5 DC7 B4 DC6 B3 DC5 B2 DC4 B1 DC3 B0 DC2 DC9:DC2 : The high byte of PWM0 duty cycle. 2.1.21 PW1DCL (PWM1 Duty Cycle Register Low Byte) (Bank 2) Address 0Dh (r/w) Name PW1DCL B7 DC1 B6 DC0 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 - Bit5:bit0 : Not used. Read as "0"s. DC1:DC0 : The low bits of PWM1 duty cycle. 2.1.22 PW1DCH (PWM1 Duty Cycle Register High Byte) (Bank 2) Address 0Eh (r/w) Name PW1DCH B7 DC9 B6 DC8 B5 DC7 B4 DC6 B3 DC5 B2 DC4 B1 DC3 B0 DC2 DC9:DC2 : The high byte of PWM1 duty cycle. 2.1.23 RFCCON (RFC Control Register) (Bank 3) Address 0Ah (r/w) Name RFCCON B7 RFCON B6 START B5 B4 RFCS4 B3 RFCS3 B2 RFCS2 B1 RFCS1 B0 RFCS0 RFCS4:RFCS0 : Select one the RFC oscillation network of RFCx (x = 0 to 18). The selected IOxx/RFCx pin will be configured as RFCx output pin if RFCON = 1. Other IOxx/RFCx pins will still behave as port pins. If RFCON = 0, all IOxx/RFCx pins will still behave as port pins. = 0,0,0,0,0, IOA2/RFC0 pin is configured to RFC0 pin. = 0,0,0,0,1, IOA3/RFC1 pin is configured to RFC1 pin. = 0,0,0,1,0, IOA4/RFC2 pin is configured to RFC2 pin. = 0,0,0,1,1, IOA5/RFC3 pin is configured to RFC3 pin. = 0,0,1,0,0, IOA6/RFC4 pin is configured to RFC4 pin. = 0,0,1,0,1, IOA7/RFC5 pin is configured to RFC5 pin. = 0,0,1,1,0, IOD0/RFC6 pin is configured to RFC6 pin. = 0,0,1,1,1, IOD1/RFC7 pin is configured to RFC7 pin. = 0,1,0,0,0, IOB1/RFC8 pin is configured to RFC8 pin. = 0,1,0,0,1, IOB2/RFC9 pin is configured to RFC9 pin. = 0,1,0,1,0, IOB3/RFC10 pin is configured to RFC10 pin. = 0,1,0,1,1, IOB4/RFC11 pin is configured to RFC11 pin. Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.16/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY = 0,1,1,0,0, = 0,1,1,0,1, = 0,1,1,1,0, = 0,1,1,1,1, = 1,0,0,0,0, = 1,0,0,0,1, = 1,0,0,1,0, Bit5 : Not used. Read as "0". IOB5/RFC12 pin is configured to RFC12 pin. IOB6/RFC13 pin is configured to RFC13 pin. IOB7/RFC14 pin is configured to RFC14 pin. IOC2/RFC15 pin is configured to RFC15 pin. IOC1/RFC16 pin is configured to RFC16 pin. DATA/RFC17 pin is configured to RFC17 pin. CLK/RFC18 pin is configured to RFC18 pin. FM8P51 START : RFC counter enable bit = 1, RFC counter start to convert. = 0, Stop the RFC conversion, reset by hardware when conversion is finished or by software. RFCON : RFC module enable bit = 1, Enable RFC module, the selected IOxx/RFCx pin is configured to RFCx pin, and the IOA1/CX pin is configured to CX pin. = 0, Disable RFC module, all the IOxx/RFCx pins are configured to IOXX pin, and the IOA1/CX pin is configured to IOA1 pin. 2.1.24 RFCDL (RFC Data Register Low Byte) (Bank 3) Address 0Bh (r) Name RFCDL B7 RFCD7 B6 RFCD6 B5 RFCD5 B4 RFCD4 B3 RFCD3 B2 RFCD2 B1 RFCD1 B0 RFCD0 RFCD7:RFCD0 : The low byte of RFC conversion result. 2.1.25 RFCDH (RFC Data Register High Byte) (Bank 3) Address 0Ch (r) Name RFCDH B7 RFCOV B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 RFCD9 B0 RFCD8 RFCD14 RFCD13 RFCD12 RFCD11 RFCD10 RFCD14:RFCD8 : The high byte of RFC conversion result. RFCOV : RFC counter overflow flag. Set when RFC counter overflow, reset by RFC counter reset. = 1, Overflow. = 0, Not overflow. 2.1.26 CMPDX (Data X Register Data Comparator) (Bank 3) Address 0Dh (r/w) Name CMPDX B7 DX7 B6 DX6 B5 DX5 B4 DX4 B3 DX3 B2 DX2 B1 DX1 B0 DX0 DX7:DX0 : The data X of data comparator, this data will be compared to CMPDY. 2.1.27 CMPDY (Data Y Register for Data Comparator) (Bank 3) Address 0Eh (r/w) Name CMPDY B7 DY7 B6 DY6 B5 DY5 B4 DY4 B3 DY3 B2 DY2 B1 DY1 B0 DY0 DY7:DY0 : The data Y of data comparator, this data will be compared to CMPDX. Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.17/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY 2.1.28 CMPDY (Data Comparator Status Register) (Bank 3) Address 0Fh (r) Name CMPSTAT B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 CMPF3 B2 CMPF2 FM8P51 B1 CMPF1 B0 CMPF0 CMPF4:CMPF0 : the error number of the compared result (0 ~ 8) of data comparator Bit7:bit4 : Not used. Read as "0"s. 2.1.29 INTFLAG (Interrupt Status Register) Address 3Fh (r/w) Name INTFLAG B7 SPITXIF B6 RFCIF B5 T3IF B4 T2IF B3 T1IF B2 SPIRCIF B1 INTIF B0 T0IF T0IF : Timer0 overflow interrupt flag. Set when Timer0 overflows, reset by software. INTIF : External INT pin interrupt flag. Set by falling edge on INT pin, reset by software. SPIRCIF : SPI receive module interrupt flag. Set when SPI receiver buffer is full (SPI data transmission complete), reset by software. T1IF : Timer1 match interrupt flag. Set when TMR1 register matches to PR1 register, reset by software. T2IF : Timer2 match interrupt flag. Set when TMR2 register matches to PR2 register, reset by software. T3IF : Timer3 match interrupt flag. Set when TMR3 register matches to PR3 register, reset by software. RFCIF : RFC module interrupt flag. Set when RFC conversion is completed, reset by software. SPITXIF : SPI transmit module interrupt flag. Set when SPI transmit buffer is empty (SPI data transmission start), reset by software. 2.1.30 ACC (Accumulator) Address N/A (r/w) Name ACC B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Accumulator Accumulator is an internal data transfer, or instruction operand holding. It can not be addressed. 2.1.31 OPTION Register Address Name B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 PSA B2 PS2 B1 PS1 B0 PS0 N/A (r/w) OPTION /PHBCE GIE Accessed by OPTION/OPTIONR instructions. By executing the OPTION instruction, the contents of the ACC Register will be transferred to the OPTION Register. By executing the OPTIONR instruction, user can read this register into ACC. The OPTION Register contains various control bits to configure the Timer0/WDT prescaler, Timer0, pull-high, and interrupt. The OPTION Register are set all "1"s except GIE bit after any reset. Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.18/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY PS2:PS0 : Prescaler rate select bits. PS2:PS0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Timer0 Rate 1:2 1:4 1:8 1:16 1:32 1:64 1:128 1:256 WDT Rate 1:1 1:2 1:4 1:8 1:16 1:32 1:64 1:128 FM8P51 PSA : Prescaler assign bit. = 1, WDT (watch-dog timer). = 0, TMR0 (Timer0). GIE : Global interrupt enable bit. = 0, Disable all interrupts. For wake-up from SLEEP mode through an interrupt event, the device will continue execution at the instruction after the SLEEP instruction. = 1, Enable all un-masked interrupts. For wake-up from SLEEP mode through an interrupt event, the device will branch to the interrupt address (001h). Note : 1. The GIE bit is not writable bit. This bit is only set by ENI or RETFIE instructions, and cleared by DISI instruction or entering into interrupt subroutine. 2. When an interrupt event occur with the GIE bit and its corresponding interrupt enable bit are all set, the GIE bit will be cleared by hardware to disable any further interrupts. The RETFIE instruction will exit the interrupt routine and set the GIE bit to re-enable interrupt. /PHBCE : = 0, Enable the internal pull-high of IOB0~ IOB7, IOC4~IOC5, and IOE0~IOE5 pins. = 1, Disable the internal pull-high of IOB0~ IOB7, IOC4~IOC5, and IOE0~IOE5 pins. Note : /PHB, /PHE are "AND" gating with /PHBCE, that is each one written "0" will enable pull-high. 2.1.32 IOSTA, IOSTB, IOSTC, IOSTD & IOSTE (Port I/O Control Registers) Address 05h (r/w) 06h (r/w) 07h (r/w) 08h (r/w) 09h (r/w) Name IOSTA IOSTB IOSTC IOSTD IOSTE B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Port A I/O Control Register Port B I/O Control Register Port C I/O Control Register Port D I/O Control Register Port E I/O Control Register Accessed by IOST/IOSTR instructions. The Port I/O Control Registers are loaded with the contents of the ACC Register by executing the IOST R (05h~09h) instruction. By executing the IOSTR instruction, user can read these registers into ACC. A `1' from a IOST Register bit puts the corresponding output driver in hi-impedance state (input mode). A `0' enables the output buffer and puts the contents of the output data latch on the selected pins (output mode). The IOST Registers are set all "1"s (output drivers disabled) upon RESET. 2.1.33 T1CON (Timer 1 Control Register) Address Name B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 T1ON B1 T1P1 B0 T1P0 0Ch (r/w) T1CON Accessed by IOST/IOSTR instructions. Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.19/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY T1P1:T1P0 : Timer 1 prescaler bits. T1P1 : T1P0 0, 0 0, 1 1, 0 1, 1 T1ON : Timer 1 module enable bit = 1, Enable Timer 1 module. = 0, Disable Timer 1 module. 2.1.34 PHCON (Pull-high Control Register) Address Name B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 /PHE B2 /PHD Prescaler Rate 1:1 1:4 1:8 1 : 16 FM8P51 B1 /PHB B0 /PHA 0Dh (r/w) PHCON HDC Accessed by IOST/IOSTR instructions. /PHA : = 0, Enable the internal pull-high of IOA0~ IOA7 pins. = 1, Disable the internal pull-high of IOA0~ IOA7 pins. /PHB : = 0, Enable the internal pull-high of IOB0~ IOB7 pins. = 1, Disable the internal pull-high of IOB0~ IOB7 pins. Note : /PHB is "AND" gating with /PHBCE, that is each one written "0" will enable pull-high. /PHD : = 0, Enable the internal pull-high of IOD0~ IOD7 pins. = 1, Disable the internal pull-high of IOD0~ IOD7 pins. /PHE : = 0, Enable the internal pull-high of IOE0~ IOE5 pins. = 1, Disable the internal pull-high of IOE0~ IOE5 pins. Note : /PHE is "AND" gating with /PHBCE, that is each one written "0" will enable pull-high. HDC : Driving ability enable bit of IOC0~IOC2 pins. = 0, Normal driving ability of IOC0~IOC2 pins. = 1, Reduce the driving ability of IOC0~IOC2 pins. 2.1.35 PCON (Power Control Register) Address Name B7 B6 B5 WDTE B4 B3 ROC B2 B1 B0 /WUE 0Eh (r/w) PCON LVDTE ODE Accessed by IOST/IOSTR instructions. /WUE : Input change wake-up function of IOB0~IOB7, IOC4~IOC5, and IOE0~IOE1 pins enable bit. = 0, Enable the input change wake-up function. = 1, Disable the input change wake-up function. Bit2:Bit1 : Not used. Read as "0"s. ROC : R-option function of IOD0 and IOD1 pins enable bit. = 0, Disable the R-option function. = 1, Enable the R-option function. In this case, if a 430K external resistor is connected/disconnected to Vss, the status of IOD0 (IOD1) is read as "0"/"1". Bit4 : Not used. Read as "1". Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.20/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY WDTE : WDT (watch-dog timer) enable bit. = 0, Disable WDT. = 1, Enable WDT. ODE : Open-drain function of IOC6 and IOC7 pins enable bit. = 0, Disable the open-drain function for both IOC6 and IOC7 pins. = 1, Enable the open-drain function for both IOC6 and IOC7 pins. LVDTE : LVDT (low voltage detector) enable bit. = 0, Disable LVDT. = 1, Enable LVDT. 2.1.36 INTEN (Interrupt Mask Register) Address Name B7 B6 B5 T3IE B4 T2IE B3 T1IE B2 SPIRCIE FM8P51 B1 INTIE B0 T0IE 0Fh (r/w) INTEN SPITXIE RFCIE Accessed by IOST/IOSTR instructions. T0IE : Timer0 overflow interrupt enable bit. = 0, Disable the Timer0 overflow interrupt. = 1, Enable the Timer0 overflow interrupt. INTIE : External INT pin interrupt enable bit. = 0, Disable the External INT pin interrupt. = 1, Enable the External INT pin interrupt. SPIRCIE : SPI receive module interrupt enable bit. = 0, Disable the SPI receive module interrupt. = 1, Enable the SPI receive module interrupt. T1IE : Timer1 match interrupt enable bit. = 0, Disable the Timer1 match interrupt. = 1, Enable the Timer1 match interrupt. T2IE : Timer2 match interrupt enable bit. = 0, Disable the Timer2 match interrupt. = 1, Enable the Timer2 match interrupt. T3IE : Timer3 match interrupt enable bit. = 0, Disable the Timer3 match interrupt. = 1, Enable the Timer3 match interrupt. RFCIE : RFC module interrupt enable bit. = 0, Disable the RFC module interrupt. = 1, Enable the RFC module interrupt. SPITXIE : SPI transmit module interrupt enable bit. = 0, Disable the SPI transmit module interrupt. = 1, Enable the SPI transmit module interrupt. Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.21/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY 2.2 I/O Ports FM8P51 Port A, port B, port C, port D and port E are bi-directional tri-state I/O ports. All I/O pins (IOA, IOB, IOC, IOD and IOE) have data direction control registers (IOSTA, IOSTB, IOSTC, IOSTD, and IOSTE) which can configure these pins as output or input. IOA<7:0>, IOB<7:0>, IOC<5:4>, IOD<7:0> and IOE<5:0> have corresponding pull-high control bits (/PHBCE, /PHA, /PHB, /PHD, and /PHE bits) to enable the weak internal pull-high. The weak pull-high is automatically turned off when the pin is configured as an output pin. IOC6 and IOC7 have an open-drain control bit (ODE, PCON<6>) to enable the open-drain output when these pins are configured to be an output pin. IOD0 and IOD1 are the R-option pins enabled by setting the ROC bit (PCON<3>). When the R-option function is used, it is recommended that IOD0 and IOD1 are used as output pins, and read the status of IOD0 and IOD1 before these pins are configured to be an output pin. IOB0~IOB7, IOC4~IOC5, and IOE0~IOE1 also provide the input change interrupt/wake-up function which are enabled by clear /WUE bit (PCON<0>). The input change interrupt/wake-up function is automatically turned off when the pin is configured as an output pin. FIGURE 2.3: Block Diagram of I/O PINs Data bus D IOST Latch Q IOST R > EN Q I/O PIN Q D DATA Latch WR PORT > EN Q RD PORT Pull-high/R-option is not shown in the figure 2.3 Timer0/WDT & Prescler 2.3.1 Timer0 The Timer0 is a 8-bit timer/counter. The clock source of Timer0 comes from the internal clock. The timer0 register (TMR0) will increment every instruction cycle (without prescaler). If TMR0 register is written, the increment is inhibited for the following two cycles. 2.3.2 Watchdog Timer (WDT) The Watchdog Timer (WDT) is a free running on-chip RC oscillator which does not require any external components. So the WDT will still run even if the clock on the OSCI and OSCO pins is turned off, such as in SLEEP mode. During normal operation or in SLEEP mode, a WDT time-out will cause the device reset and the TO bit (STATUS<4>) will be cleared. The WDT can be disabled by clearing the control bit WDTE (PCON<5>) to "0". The WDT has a nominal time-out period of 18 ms (without prescaler). If a longer time-out period is desired, a Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.22/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY FM8P51 prescaler with a division ratio of up to 1:128 can be assigned to the WDT controlled by the OPTION register. Thus, the longest time-out period is approxmately 2.3 seconds if reset delay time is set to 18ms. The CLRWDT instruction clears the WDT and the prescaler, if assigned to the WDT, and prevents it from timing out and generating a device reset. The SLEEP instruction resets the WDT and the prescaler, if assigned to the WDT. This gives the maximum SLEEP time before a WDT Wake-up Reset. 2.3.3 Prescaler An 8-bit counter (down counter) is available as a prescaler for the Timer0, or as a postscaler for the Watchdog Timer (WDT). Note that the prescaler may be used by either the Timer0 module or the WDT, but not both. Thus, a prescaler assignment for the Timer0 means that there is no prescaler for the WDT, and vice-versa. The PSA bit (OPTION<3>) determines prescaler assignment. The PS<2:0> bits (OPTION<2:0>) determine prescaler ratio. When the prescaler is assigned to the Timer0 module, all instructions writing to the TMR0 register will clear the prescaler. When it is assigned to WDT, a CLRWDT instruction will clear the prescaler along with the WDT. The prescaler is neither readable nor writable. On a RESET, the prescaler contains all `1's. To avoid an unintended device reset, CLRWDT or CLRR TMR0 instructions must be executed when changing the prescaler assignment from Timer0 to the WDT, and vice-versa. FIGURE 2.4: Block Diagram of The Timer0/WDT Prescaler Instruction Cycle (Fosc/4 or Fosc/2) 1 0 MUX Sync 2 Cycles TMR0 Register 8 Data Bus Set T0IF flag on overflow PSA 0 Watchdog Timer 1 MUX 8-Bit Prescaler PS2:PS0 PSA 1 0 PSA MUX WDT Time-out 2.4 Timer1 The Timer1 is a 8-bit clock counter with a programmable prescaler and a 8-bit period register (PR1). It also can be as a baud rate clock generator for the SPI module. The clock source of Timer1 comes from the internal clock (Fosc/4). The option of Timer1 prescaler (1:1, 1:4, 1:8, 1:16) is defined by T1P1:T1P0 (T1CON<1:0>) bits. The prescaler is cleared when a value is written to TMR1 or T1CON register, and during any kind of reset as well. The timer increments from 00h until it equals the period register (PR1). It then resets to 00h at the next increment cycle. The timer interrupt flag (T1IF) is set when the timer rollover to 00h. The timer also has a corresponding interrupt enable bit (T1IE). The timer interrupt can be enabled/disabled by setting/clearing this bit. The timer s can be turned on and off under software control. When the timer on control bit (T1ON, T1CON<2>) is set, the timer increments from the clock source. When T1ON is cleared, the timer is turned off and cannot cause the Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.23/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY timer interrupt flag to be set. TABLE 2.1: Timer 1 Prescaler Rate T1P1 : T1P0 Prescaler Rate 0, 0 1:1 0, 1 1:4 1, 0 1:8 1, 1 1 : 16 FIGURE 2.5: Block Diagram of The Timer1 Fosc/4 Prescaler 1:1 to 1:16 T1ON T1P<1:0> Reset FM8P51 TMR1 Comparator x8 Equal Set T1IF flag Clock output PR1 2.5 Timer2 & Timer3 Timer2 and Timer3 are two 8-bit incrementing timers, each with an 8-bit period register (PR2 and PR3, respectively) and separate overflow interrupt flags. Timer2 and Timer3 can operate either as timers (increment on internal clock, Fosc/4), or as counters (increment on falling edge of external clock on pin IOB0/T23CKI). They are also software configurable to operate as a single 16-bit timer/counter. These timers are also used as the time base for the PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) modules. 2.5.1 Timer2 & Timer3 in 8-Bit Mode Both Timer2 and Timer3 will operate in 8-bit mode when the T16 (T23CON<4>) bit is clear. These two timers can be independently configured to increment from the internal clock (Fosc/4), or from an external clock source on IOB0/T23CKI pin. The timer clock source in configured by the TxCS bit (x = 2 for Timer2 (T23CON<0>), x = 3 for Timer3 (T23CON<2>)). When TxCS is set, the clock source is the IOB0/T23CKI pin and the counters will increment on every falling edge of the IOB0/T23CKI pin. The timer increments from 00h until it equals the period register (PRx, x = 2 for Timer2, x = 3 for Timer3). It then resets to 00h at the next increment cycle. The timer interrupt flag is set when the timer rollover to 00h. Timer2 and Timer3 have individual interrupt flag bits (T2IF and T3IF). Each timer also has a corresponding interrupt enable bit (T2IE and T3IE). The timer interrupt can be enabled/disabled by setting/clearing this bit. The timer s can be turned on and off under software control. When the timer on control bit (TxON, T23CON<1> and T23CON<3>) is set, the timer increments from the clock source. When TxON is cleared, the timer is turned off and cannot cause the timer interrupt flag to be set. When TxCS is set, the clock source is the IOB0/T23CKI pin, and the counter will increment on every falling edge on the IOB0/T23CKI pin. The T23CKI input is synchronized with internal phase clocks. This cause a delay from the time a falling edge appears on T23CKI to the time TMR2 or TMR3 is actually incremented. 2.5.2 Timer2 & Timer3 in 16-bit Mode To select 16-bit mode, set the T16 bit. In this mode, TMR2 and TMR3 are concatenated to from a 16-bit timer (TMR3:TMR2). The 16-bit timer increments until it matches the 16-bit period register (PR3:PR2). On the following timer clock, the timer value is reset to 0000h, and the T2IF bit is set. When selecting the clock source for the 16-bit timer, the T2CS bit control the entire 16-bit timer and T3CS is a "don't Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.24/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY FM8P51 care". When T2CS is clear, the timer increments from the internal clock (Fosc/4). When T2CS is set, the timer increments on every falling edge of the IOB0/T23CKI pin. For the 16-bit timer to increment, both T2ON and T3ON bits must be set. TABLE 2.2: Turning on 16-Bit Timer T16 T3ON T2ON Result 1 1 1 16-bit timer (TMR3:TMR2) ON 1 0 1 16-bit timer ON, only TMR2 increments 1 x 0 16-bit timer OFF 0 1 1 Timers in 8-bit mode When T2CS is set, the 16-bit TMR3:TMR2 increments on the falling edge of clock input T23CKI. The T23CKI input is synchronized with internal phase clocks. This cause a delay from the time a falling edge appears on T23CKI to the time TMR3:TMR2 is actually incremented. FIGURE 2.6: Timer2 and Timer3 in Two 8-bit Timer/Counter Mode 0 1 MUX TMR2 Reset Fosc/4 T2CS T23CKI T2ON Comparator x 8 Equal Set T2IF flag Clock output PR2 1 Fosc/4 0 MUX TMR3 Reset T3CS T3ON Comparator x 8 Equal Set T3IF flag Clock output PR3 FIGURE 2.7: Timer2 and Timer3 in 16-bit Timer/Counter Mode 0 1 MUX MSB T2CS T2ON TMR3 TMR2 LSB Reset Fosc/4 T23CKI Comparator x 16 Equal Set T2IF flag Clock output PR3 PR2 Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.25/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY 2.6 PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) Module FM8P51 Two high speed pulse width modulation (PWM) outputs are provided. The PWM0 output uses Timer2 as its time base, the PWM1 may be configured to use Timer2 or Timer3 as the time base. The PWM outputs are on the IOA0/PWM0, and IOC0/PWM1 pins. Each PWM output has a maximum resolution of 10-bits. The duty cycle of the output can vary from 0% to 100%. The user needs to set the PW0ON bit (PWMCON<0>) to enable the PWM output. When PW0ON bit is set, the IOA0/PWM0 pin is configured as PWM0 output and forced as an output, irrespective of the data direct bit (IOSTA<0>). When the PW0ON is clear, the pin behaves as a port pin. Similarly, the PW1ON bit (PWMCON<1>) controls the configuration of the IOC0/PWM1 pin. 2.6.1 PWM Periods The period of PWM0 output is determined by Timer2 and its period register (PR2). The period of the PWM1 output can be software configured to use either Timer2 or Timer3 as the time base. For PWM1, when PW1T3 bit (PWMCON<2>) is clear, the time base is determined by TMR2 and PR2, and when PW1T3 bit is set, the time base is determined by TMR3 and PR3. Running two different PWM outputs on two different timers allows different periods. Running all PWMs from Timer2 allows the best use of resources by freeing Timer3 to operate as an 8-bit timer. Timer2 and Timer3 cannot be used as a 16-bit timer if any PWM is being used. The PWM periods can be calculated as follows: Period of PWM0 = [(PR2) + 1] x 4Tosc Period of PWM1 = [(PR2) + 1] x 4Tosc or [(PR3) + 1] x 4Tosc The duty cycle of PWMx is determined by the 10-bit value DCx<9:0>. The upper 8-bits are from register PWxDCH and lower2-bits are from PWxDCL<7:6> (PWxDCH:PWxDCL<7:6>). The PWMx duty cycle is as follows: PWMx Duty Cycle = (DCx) x Tosc Where DCx represents the 10-bit value from PWxDCH:PWxDCL. If DCx = 0, then the duty cycle is zero. If PRx = PWxDCH, then the PWM output will be low for one to four Tosc (depending on the state of the PWxDCL<7:6> bits). For a duty cycle to be 100%, the PWxDCH value must be greater then the PRx value. The duty cycle registers for both PWM outputs are double buffered. When the user writes to these registers, they are stored in master latches. When TMR2 (or TMR3) overflows and a new PWM period beings, the master latch values are transferred to the slave latches. 2.6.2 PWM Interrupts The PWM modules make use of the TMR2 and/or TMR3 interrupts. A timer interrupt is generated when TMR2 or TMR3 equals its period register and on the following increment is cleared to zero. This interrupt also marks the beginning of a PWM cycle. The user can write new duty cycle values before the timer rollover. The TMR2 interrupt is latched into the T2IF bit and the TMR3 interrupt is latched into the T3IF bit. These flags must be cleared in software. Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.26/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY FIGURE 2.8: The Output Waveform of PWM Driver (PRx = N) Fosc TMRx DCx = 0 DCx = 1 DCx = 2 DCx = N*4 + 2 DCx = N*4 + 3 DCx (N+1)*4 0 1 N-1 N FM8P51 0 2.7 SPI(Serial Peripheral Interface) Module The Serial Port Interface (SPI) Module is a serial interface useful communicating with other peripheral or microcontroller device. The SPI mode allows 8-bit of data to be synchronously transmitted and received simultaneously. To accomplish communication, typically three pins are used: 1. Serial Clock (SCK) 2. Serial Data In (SDI) 3. Serial Data Output (SDO) Additionally a fourth pin may be used when in a slave mode of operation: 4. Slave Select (SSB) The SPI consists of a transmit/receive shift register (SPISR), a receive buffer register (SPIRCB), and a transmit buffer register (SPITXB). The SPISR shifts the data in and out of the device, MSB first. Once the first valid clock pulse appear on SCK pin (controlled by SSE (SPICON<4>) and SSEMOD (SPICON<3>) bits), data in SPITXB will be loaded into SPISR and start to shift in/out, then transmit buffer empty detect bit TXBF (SPISTAT<5>), and interrupt flag bits SPITXIF (INTFLAG<7>) and TXBFIF (SPISTAT<6>) are set. Once the 8-bits of data have been received, the data in SPISR will be moved to the SPIRCB register, then receive buffer full detect bit RCBF (SPISTAT<0>), and interrupt flag bits SPIRCIF (INTFLAG<2>) and RCBFIF (SPISTAT<1>) are set. If FM8P51 is a master controller, it sends clock through the SCK pin. A couple of 8-bit data are transmitted and received at the same time. And if FM8P51 is defined as a slave, its SCK pin could be programmed as an input pin. Data will continue to be shifted based on both the clock rate and the selected edge. When the application S/W is expecting to transmit valid data, the SPITXB should be write before the last byte of data have been transmitted completely. Buffer empty bit TXBF indicates when SPISR has been loaded with the data of SPITXB (reception/transmission start). The TXBF bit is cleared by software or by writting SPITXB register. And the TXBF bit may be ignored if the SPI is only a receiver. Also when the application S/W is expecting to receive valid data, the SPIRCB should be read before the next byte of data have been received completely. Buffer full bit RCBF indicates when SPIRCB has been loaded with the received data (reception/transmission is complete). The RCBF bit is cleared by software or by reading SPIRCB register. And the RCBF bit may be ignored if the SPI is only a transmitter. Generally the SPI interrupt is used to determine when the transmission/reception has started/completed, the SPIRCB/SPITXB must be read and/or written. If the interrupt method is not going to be used, then S/W polling RCBF and/or TXBF bits is needed. If the SPI is only going to receive, the TXBF flag could be ignored. Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.27/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY FIGURE 2.9: SPI Block Diagram Internal Data Bus Read FM8P51 Write SSE SPIRCB reg SPITXB reg SPISR reg SDI Bit0 Bit7 SDO SSB SPIM2:SPIM0 CKE Edge Select SSB Control Enable TCY Timer1/2 Prescaler 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 Edge Select SPIM2:SPIM0 CKEDG IOST bit of SCK i SCK TABLE 2.3: SPI Mode Setting SPIM2 : SPIM0 SPI Mode 0,0,0 SPI master mode, clock = Fosc/2 0,0,1 SPI master mode, clock = Fosc/4 0,1,0 SPI master mode, clock = Fosc/8 0,1,1 SPI master mode, clock = Fosc/16 1,0,0 SPI master mode, clock = Fosc/32 1,0,1 SPI slave mode, clock = SCK pin, SSB pin control enabled 1,1,0 SPI slave mode, clock = SCK pin, SSB pin control disabled 1,1,1 SPI master mode, clock = Timer1 output/2 TABLE 2.4: The Description of SPI SCK Control Bit = 1, Data shifts out on falling edge of SCK, and shifts in on rising edge of SCK CKEDG = 0, Data shifts in on rising edge of SCK, and shifts in on falling edge of SCK Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.28/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY 2.7.1 Master Mode 2.7.1.1 Master Mode with SSE Control (SSEMOD = 0) FM8P51 In this master mode, the data is transmitted/received as soon as the SPI shift register enable bit SSE (SPICON<4>) bit is setting to "1" by S/W. The data in SPITXB will be loaded into SPISR at the same time and start to shift in/out, then transmit buffer empty detect bit (TXBF), and interrupt flag bits (SPITXIF, TXBFIF) are set. And then user could write the next byte data to SPITXB register before the 8-bit data transmission is completed if needed. The SSE bit will be kept in "1" if the communication is still undergoing. And the SSE bit will be cleared by hardware while the shifting is completed. Once the 8-bits of data have been received, the data in SPISR will be moved to the SPIRCB register, then buffer full detect bit (RCBF), interrupt flag bits (SPIRCIF, RCBFIF) are set. And then user could read out the SPIRCB register before next 8-bit data transmission is completed if needed. How to transmit/receive data in this master mode: 1. Enable SPI function by setting the SPION (SPICON<6>) bit. 2. Decide the transmission rate and source by programming SPIM2:SPIM0 (SPICON<2:0>) bits. 3. Write the data that you want to transmit to SPITXB register if needed. 4. Set SSE (SPICON<4>) bit to start transmit. 5. When the 8-bit data transmission starts, both of the SPITXIF and TXBFIF interrupt flags will set to 1. Besides, both of these bits are cleared by software. The TXBF flag also will be set to "1", cleared by software or by writting data to SPITXB register. 6. Write next byte data to SPITXB register before this byte transmission being finished if needed. 7. When the 8-bit data transmission is over, the SSE bit will be reset to "0" by hardware. Therefore, if user want to transmit/receive another 8-bit data, user must set SSE bit to "1" again. 8. When the 8-bit data transmission is completed, both of the SPIRCIF and RCBFIF interrupt flags will set to 1. Besides, both of these bits are cleared by software. The RCBF flag also will be set to "1", cleared by software or by reading out SPIRCB register. 9. Read out the SPIRCB register before next byte transmission being finished if needed. 2.7.1.2 Master Mode without SSE Control (SSEMOD = 1) In this master mode, the data is transmitted/received as soon as write data to SPITXB register by S/W. The data in SPITXB will be loaded into SPISR at the same time and start to shift in/out, then transmit buffer empty detect bit (TXBF), and interrupt flag bits (SPITXIF, TXBFIF) are set. And then user could write the next byte data to SPITXB register before the 8-bit data transmission is completed if next byte transmission is needed. If the next byte data is not written into SPITXB, the communication will be stopped after the 8-bit data transmission is completed. Once the 8-bits of data have been received, the data in SPISR will be moved to the SPIRCB register, then buffer full detect bit (RCBF), interrupt flag bits (SPIRCIF, RCBFIF) are set. And then user could read out the SPIRCB register before next 8-bit data transmission is completed if needed. How to transmit/receive data in this master mode: 1. Enable SPI function by setting the SPION (SPICON<6>) bit. 2. Decide the transmission rate and source by programming SPIM2:SPIM0 (SPICON<2:0>) bits. 3. Write the data that you want to transmit to SPITXB register to start transmit. 4. When the 8-bit data transmission starts, both of the SPITXIF and TXBFIF interrupt flags will set to 1. Besides, both of these bits are cleared by software. The TXBF flag also will be set to "1", cleared by software or by writting data to SPITXB register. 5. Write next byte data to SPITXB register before this byte transmission being finished if next byte transmission is needed. 6. When the 8-bit data transmission is completed, both of the SPIRCIF and RCBFIF interrupt flags will set to 1. Besides, both of these bits are cleared by software. The RCBF flag also will be set to "1", cleared by software or by reading out SPIRCB register. 7. Read out the SPIRCB register before next byte transmission being finished if needed. Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.29/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY FIGURE 2.10: SPI Mode Timing (Master Mode) SSE (optional) SCK (CKE=0) SCK (CKE=1) SDO SDI bit7 bit0 cleared by write next byte to SPITXB bit7 bit6 bit5 bit4 bit3 bit2 bit1 bit0 by S/W FM8P51 by H/W bit7 bit6 bit7 cleared by read SPIRCB TXBF RCBF Write to SPITXB (if needed) SPITXB to SPISR SPISR to SPIRCB Read from SPIRCB (if needed) by H/W by H/W by H/W 2.7.2 Slave Mode 2.7.2.1 Slave Mode with SSE Control (SSEMOD = 0) In this slave mode, the data is transmitted and received as the external clock pulses appear on SCK pin. Once the SPI shift register enable bit SSE (SPICON<4>) has been set to "1", data in SPITXB will be loaded into SPISR and start to shift in/out, then transmit buffer empty detect bit (TXBF), and interrupt flag bits (SPITXIF, TXBFIF) are set. And then user could write the next byte data to SPITXB register before the 8-bit data transmission is completed if needed. Once the 8-bits of data have been received, the data in SPISR will be moved to the SPIRCB register, then buffer full detect bit (RCBF), interrupt flag bits (SPIRCIF, RCBFIF) are set. And then user could read out the SPIRCB register before next 8-bit data transmission is completed if needed. The SSB pin allows a synchronous slave mode. The SPI must be in slave mode with SSB pin control enabled (SPICON<2:0> = 101). When the SSB pin is low, transmission and reception are enabled and the SDO pin is driven. When the SSB pin goes high, the SDO pin is no longer driven, even if in the middle of transmitted byte, and becomes a floating output. External pull-up/pull-down resistors may be desirable, depending on the application. When the SPI module resets, the bit counter is forced to 0. This can be done by forcing the SSB pin to high level or clearing the SPION bit (SPICON<6>). How to transmit/receive data in this slave mode: 1. Enable SPI function by setting the SPION (SPICON<6>) bit. 2. Enable/disable the SSB pin control by programming SPIM2:SPIM0 (SPICON<2:0>) bits. 3. Write the data that you want to transmit to SPITXB register if needed. 4. Set SSE (SPICON<4>) bit and wait the external clock pulses appear on SCK pin to start transmit. 5. When the 8-bit data transmission starts, both of the SPITXIF and TXBFIF interrupt flags will set to 1. Besides, both of these bits are cleared by software. The TXBF flag also will be set to "1", cleared by software or by writting data to SPITXB register. 6. Write next new data to SPITXB register before this byte transmission being finished if needed. 7. When the 8-bit data transmission is over, the SSE bit will be reset to "0" by hardware. Therefore, if user want to transmit/receive another 8-bit data, user must set SSE bit to "1" again before next clock pulse appearing SCK pin. 8. When the 8-bit data transmission is completed, both of the SPIRCIF and RCBFIF interrupt flags will set to 1. Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.30/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY 9. FM8P51 Besides, both of these bits are cleared by software. The RCBF flag also will be set to "1", cleared by software or by reading out SPIRCB register. Read out the SPIRCB register before next byte transmission being finished if needed. 2.7.2.2 Slave Mode without SSE Control (SSEMOD = 1) In this slave mode, the data is transmitted and received as the external clock pulses appear on SCK pin. Once the clock pulse appear on SCK pin, data in SPITXB will be loaded into SPISR and start to shift in/out, then transmit buffer empty detect bit (TXBF), and interrupt flag bits (SPITXIF, TXBFIF) are set. And then user could write the next byte data to SPITXB register before the 8-bit data transmission is completed if needed. Once the 8-bits of data have been received, the data in SPISR will be moved to the SPIRCB register, then buffer full detect bit (RCBF), interrupt flag bits (SPIRCIF, RCBFIF) are set. And then user could read out the SPIRCB register before next 8-bit data transmission is completed if needed. The SSB pin allows a synchronous slave mode. The SPI must be in slave mode with SSB pin control enabled (SPICON<2:0> = 101). When the SSB pin is low, transmission and reception are enabled and the SDO pin is driven. When the SSB pin goes high, the SDO pin is no longer driven, even if in the middle of transmitted byte, and becomes a floating output. External pull-up/pull-down resistors may be desirable, depending on the application. When the SPI module resets, the bit counter is forced to 0. This can be done by forcing the SSB pin to high level or clearing the SPION bit (SPICON<6>). How to transmit/receive data in this slave mode: 1. Enable SPI function by setting the SPION (SPICON<6>) bit. 2. Enable/disable the SSB pin control by programming SPIM2:SPIM0 (SPICON<2:0>) bits. 3. Write the data that you want to transmit to SPITXB register if needed. 4. Wait the external clock pulses appear on SCK pin to start transmit. 5. When the 8-bit data transmission starts, both of the SPITXIF and TXBFIF interrupt flags will set to 1. Besides, both of these bits are cleared by software. The TXBF flag also will be set to "1", cleared by software or by writting data to SPITXB register. 6. Write next new data to SPITXB register before this byte transmission being finished if needed. 7. When the 8-bit data transmission is completed, both of the SPIRCIF and RCBFIF interrupt flags will set to 1. Besides, both of these bits are cleared by software. The RCBF flag also will be set to "1", cleared by software or by reading out SPIRCB register. 8. Read out the SPIRCB register before next byte transmission being finished if needed. Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.31/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY FIGURE 2.11: SPI Mode Timing (Slave Mode, with SSB control enabled) SSB SSE (optional) SCK (CKE=0) SCK (CKE=1) SDO SDI bit7 bit0 cleared by write next byte to SPITXB bit7 bit7 bit6 bit5 bit4 bit3 bit2 bit1 bit0 bit7 by S/W by H/W by S/W FM8P51 bit0 bit0 TXBF RCBF Write to SPITXB (if needed) SPITXB to SPISR SPISR to SPIRCB Read from SPIRCB (if needed) by H/W cleared by Read SPIRCB by H/W by H/W by H/W FIGURE 2.12: SPI Mode Timing (Slave Mode, with SSB control disabled) SSE (optional) SCK (CKE=0) SCK (CKE=1) SDO SDI bit7 bit0 cleared by write next byte to SPITXB cleared by Read SPIRCB bit7 bit0 bit7 bit6 bit5 bit4 bit3 bit2 bit1 bit0 bit7 bit0 by S/W by H/W by S/W TXBF RCBF Write to SPITXB (if needed) SPITXB to SPISR SPISR to SPIRCB Read from SPIRCB (if needed) by H/W by H/W by H/W by H/W Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.32/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY 2.8 Interrupts The FM8P51 series has up to eight sources of interrupt: 1. External interrupt INT pin. 2. TMR0 overflow interrupt. 3. TMR1 match interrupt. 4. TMR2 match interrupt. 5. TMR3 match interrupt. 6. SPI receive module interrupt. 7. SPI transmit module interrupt. 8. RFC module interrupt. FM8P51 INTFLAG is the interrupt flag register that recodes the interrupt requests in the relative flags. A global interrupt enable bit, GIE (OPTION<6>), enables (if set) all un-masked interrupts or disables (if cleared) all interrupts. Individual interrupts can be enabled/disabled through their corresponding enable bits in INTEN register regardless of the status of the GIE bit. When an interrupt event occur with the GIE bit and its corresponding interrupt enable bit are all set, the GIE bit will be cleared by hardware to disable any further interrupts, and the next instruction will be fetched from address 001h. The interrupt flag bits must be cleared by software before re-enabling GIE bit to avoid recursive interrupts. Executing the ENI instruction will set the GIE bit, and executing the DISI instruction will clear the GIE bit. The RETFIE instruction exits the interrupt routine and set the GIE bit to re-enable interrupt. The flag bit in INTFLAG register is set by interrupt event regardless of the status of its mask bit. Reading the INTFLAG register will be the logic AND of INTFLAG and INTEN. When an interrupt is generated by the INT instruction, the next instruction will be fetched from address 002h. 2.8.1 External INT Interrupt External interrupt on INT pin is rising or falling edge triggered selected by INTEDG (OPTION<6>). When a valid edge appears on the INT pin the flag bit INTIF (INTFLAG<1>) is set. This interrupt can be disables by clearing INTIE bit (INTEN<1>). The INT0 pin interrupt can wake-up the system from SLEEP condition, if bit INT0IE was set before going to SLEEP. If GIE bit was set, the program will execute interrupt service routine after wake-up; or if GIE bit was cleared, the program will execute next PC after wake-up. 2.8.2 Timer0 Interrupt An overflow (FFh 00h) in the TMR0 register will set the flag bit T0IF (INTFLAG<0>). This interrupt can be disabled by clearing T0IE bit (INTEN<0>). 2.8.3 Timer1 Interrupt An match condition (TMR1 = PR1) in the TMR1 register will set the flag bits T1IF (INTFLAG<3>) and TM1IF (SPISTAT<4>). If user wants to clear the T1IF bit, user needs to clear the TM1IF bit first, and then the T1IF bit can be cleared by software. This interrupt can be disabled by clearing T1IE bit (INTEN<3>). 2.8.4 Timer2 Interrupt In 8-bit mode, an match condition (TMR2 = PR2) in the TMR2 register will set the flag bit T2IF (INTFLAG<4>). In 16-bit mode, an match condition (TMR3:TMR2 = PR3:PR2) in the TMR3 and TMR2 register will set the flag bit T2IF (INTFLAG<4>). This interrupt can be disabled by clearing T2IE bit (INTEN<4>). Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.33/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY 2.8.5 Timer3 Interrupt FM8P51 In 8-bit mode, an match condition (TMR3 = PR3) in the TMR1 register will set the flag bit T3IF (INTFLAG<5>). In 16-bit mode, the Timer3 interrupt will be disabled. This interrupt can be disabled by clearing T3IE bit (INTEN<5>). 2.8.6 SPI Receive Module Interrupt After one byte of SPI transmission is completed, both the flag bit SPIRCIF (INTFLAG<2>) and RCBFIF (SPISTAT<1>) will be set. If user wants to clear the SPIRCIF bit, user needs to clear the RCBFIF bit first, and then the SPIRCIF bit can be cleared by software. This interrupt can be disabled by clearing SPIRCIE bit (INTEN<2>). 2.8.7 SPI Transmit Module Interrupt After one byte of SPI transmission start, both the flag bit SPITXIF (INTFLAG<7>) and TXBFIF (SPISTAT<6>) will be set. If user wants to clear the SPITXIF bit, user needs to clear the TXBFIF bit first, and then the SPITXIF bit can be cleared by software. This interrupt can be disabled by clearing SPITXIE bit (INTEN<7>). 2.8.8 RFC Module Interrupt After RFC conversion is finished, the RFCIF flag (INTFLAG<6>) will be set. This interrupt can be disabled by clearing RFCIE bit (INTEN<6>). Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.34/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY 2.9 Resistor to Frequency Converter (RFC) FM8P51 The Resistor to Frequency Converter (RFC) can compare nineteen different sensors with the reference resistor separately. This RFC contains nighteen external pins: CX : the oscillation schemmit trigger input (IOA1/CX pin). RFC0 ~ RFC18: the resistor/sensor output pin 0 ~ 18 (IOA2/RFC0, IOA3/RFC1, IOA4/RFC2, IOA5/RFC3, IOA6/RFC4, IOA7/RFC5, IOD0/RFC6, IOD1/RFC7, IOB1/RFC8, IOB2/RFC9, IOB3/RFC10, IOB4/RFC11, IOB5/RFC12, IOB6/RFC13, IOB7/RFC14, IOC2/RFC15, IOC1/RFC16, DATA/RFC17, and CLK/RFC18 pins) FIGURE 2.13: The Block Diagram of RFC RRFCx RFCx RRFC1 RFC1 RRFC0 RFC0 Fosc CX CCX RFCS4:0 = 0 15-bit counter CLKIN RFCS4:0 = x Counter active signal (Controlled by CX pin signal) RFCS4:0 = 1 Set RFCIF Flag when count finished TABLE 2.5: The Description of RFC Control Bits Select one the RFC oscillation network of RFCx (x = 0 to 18). The selected IOxx/RFCx RFCS4:RFCS0 pin will be configured as RFCx output pin if RFCON = 1. Other IOxx/RFCx pins will still behave as port pins. If RFCON = 0, all IOxx/RFCx pins will still behave as port pins. = 1, RFC counter start to convert. Reset by hardware after conversion is finished. START = 0, Stop the RFC conversion = 1, Enable RFC module, the selected IOXX/RFCx pin is configured to RFCx pin, an the IOA1/CX pin is configured to CX pin. RFCON = 0, Disable RFC module, all the IOxx/RFCx pins are configured to IOxx pin, and the IOA1/CX pin is configured to IOA1 pin. 2.9.1 RC Oscillator Network The RFC circuitry may build up 19 RC oscillation networks through RFC0 to RFC18 and CX pins with external resistors. Only one RC oscillation network may be active at a time. When the oscillation network is built up, the count active pulse will be generated by the oscillation network and transferred to the 15-bit counter through the CX pin. It will then enable or disable the 15-bit counter in order to count the oscillation clock. The 15-bit RFC counter is cleared when a value is written to RFCCON register, RFCON bit is cleared, and during any kind of reset as well. How to built the RC oscillation network: 1. Connect the resistor and capacitor on RFCx (x = 0 to 18, if needed) and CX pins. 2. Switch all of the needed RFCx and CX pins to input mode. Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.35/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY 3. 4. 5. FM8P51 Enable the RFC module by set the RFCON bit. Select one of RFCx pins by RFCS4:RFCS0 bits to enable the output pin for RC networks respectively. The selected RFCx will output low at this time. Other RFCx pins will become of a tri-state type. Set START bit to enable the RC oscillation network and 15-bit counter. The RC oscillation network will not operate if this bit has not been set. After conversion is finished, the START bit will be cleared by hardware and the RFCIF flag will be set (if enable). 2.9.2 Enable/Disable the Counter by CX Signal In this module, CX pin is the signal to control the counter period and the clock source of the counter comes from the internal system clock (Fosc). The counter will start to count after the first rising edge signal applied on the CX pin after the RFCON bit (RFCCON<7>) is set. Once the second rising edge is applied to the CX pin after the counter is enabled, the counter will stop counting. And after the second falling edge is applied to the CX pin, the RFC block will clear the RFCON bit and set the RFC interrupt flag RFCIF bit (INTFLAG<6>) if RFCIE bit is set. User also can polling the RFCON or RFCIF bit to check if the conversion is finished. FIGURE 2.14: The Sample of the RFC Counter Controlled by the CX Pin START CX signal on pin CX signal Counter active RFC Counter Fosc RFCIF (if enabled) Counter starts to count By S/W 0 1 2 3 N-2 N-1 N By H/W Counting stops, caused by the 2nd falling edge of CX Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.36/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY 2.10 Data Comparator FM8P51 The data comparator can compare two different data in compared data register (CMPDX, CMPDY), and output the number of different/error bits between CMPDX and CMPDY into CMPF3:CMPF0 bits (CMPSTAT<3:0>). The data comparator will auto-compare the data of CMPDX to the data of CMPDY whenever any one of (CMPDX, CMPDY) is changed. If user write 00h to CMPDX, and write one 8-bit data to CMPDY, then CMPF3:CMPF0 means the number of "1" of the 8-bit data. Similarly, if user write FFh to CMPDX, and write one 8-bit data to CMPDY, then CMPF3:CMPF0 means the number of "0" of the 8-bit data. FIGURE 2.15: The Block Diagram of Data Comparator Data bus CMPDX Comparator x8 CMPF3:CMPF0 CMPDY 2.11 Power-down Mode (SLEEP) Power-down mode is entered by executing a SLEEP instruction. When SLEEP instruction is executed, the PD bit (STATUS<3>) is cleared, the TO bit is set, the watchdog timer will be cleared and keeps running, and the oscillator driver is turned off. All I/O pins maintain the status they had before the SLEEP instruction was executed. 2.11.1 Wake-up from SLEEP Mode The device can wake-up from SLEEP mode through one of the following events: 1. RSTB reset. 2. WDT time-out reset (if enabled). 3. Input change wake-up. External RSTB reset and WDT time-out reset will cause a device reset. The PD and TO bits can be used to determine the cause of device reset. The PD bit is set on power-up and is cleared when SLEEP instruction is executed. The TO bit is cleared if a WDT time-out occurred. Any one of the wake-up pins is set to "0", the device will wake-up and continue execution at the instruction after the SLEEP instruction. In this case, before entering SLEEP mode, the wake-up function of trigger sources (IOB0~IOB7, IOC4~IOC5, and IOE0~IOE1) should be selected (e.g. input pin) and enabled (e.g. pull-high, wake-up control ( /WUE bit, PCON<0>)). The system wake-up delay time is 18ms plus 128 oscillator cycle time. Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.37/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY 2.12 Reset FM8P51 FM8P51 devices may be RESET in one of the following ways: 1. Power-on Reset (POR) 2. Brown-out Reset (BOR) 3. RSTB Pin Reset 4. WDT time-out Reset Some registers are not affected in any RESET condition. Their status is unknown on Power-on Reset and unchanged in any other RESET. Most other registers are reset to a "reset state" on Power-on Reset, RSTB or WDT Reset. A Power-on RESET pulse is generated on-chip when Vdd rise is detected. To use this feature, the user merely ties the RSTB pin to Vdd. On-chip Low Voltage Detector (LVD) places the device into reset when Vdd is below a fixed voltage. This ensures that the device does not continue program execution outside the valid operation Vdd range. Brown-out RESET is typically used in AC line or heavy loads switched applications. A RSTB or WDT Wake-up from SLEEP also results in a device RESET, and not a continuation of operation before SLEEP. The TO and PD bits (STATUS<4:3>) are set or cleared depending on the different reset conditions. 2.12.1 Power-up Reset Timer(PWRT) The Power-up Reset Timer provides a nominal 18/4.5/288/72ms delay after Power-on Reset (POR), Brown-out Reset (BOR), RSTB Reset or WDT time-out Reset. The device is kept in reset state as long as the PWRT is active. The PWDT delay will vary from device to device due to Vdd, temperature, and process variation. 2.12.2 Oscillator Start-up Timer(OST) The OST timer provides a 16 oscillator cycle delay (from OSCI input) after the PWRT delay (18/4.5/288/72ms) is over. This delay ensures that the X'tal oscillator or resonator has started and stabilized. The device is kept in reset state as long as the OST is active. This counter only starts incrementing after the amplitude of the OSCI signal reaches the oscillator input thresholds. 2.12.3 Reset Sequence When Power-on Reset (POR), Brown-out Reset (BOR), RSTB Reset or WDT time-out Reset is detected, the reset sequence is as follows: 1. The reset latch is set and the PWRT & OST are cleared. 2. When the internal POR, BOR, RSTB Reset or WDT time-out Reset pulse is finished, then the PWRT begins counting. 3. After the PWRT time-out, the OST is activated. 4. And after the OST delay is over, the reset latch will be cleared and thus end the on-chip reset signal. The totally system reset delay time is 18/4.5/288/72ms plus 16 oscillator cycle time. Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.38/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY FIGURE 2.16: Simplified Block Diagram of on-chip Reset Circuit WDT Module WDT Time-out FM8P51 S RSTB Low Voltage BOR Detector (LVD) Power-on Reset (POR) POR R Reset Latch Q Q CHIP RESET Vdd RESET On-Chip RC OSC OSCI Power-up Reset Timer (PWRT) RESET Oscillator Start-up Timer (OST) TABLE 2.6: Reset Conditions for All Registers Power-on Reset Register Address Brown-out Reset ACC OPTION IOSTA IOSTB IOSTC IOSTD IOSTE T1CON PHCON PCON INTEN INDF TMR0 PCL STATUS FSR PORTA PORTB PORTC PORTD PORTE SPIRCB N/A N/A 05h 06h 07h 08h 09h 0Ch 0Dh 0Eh 0Fh 00h, unbanked 01h, unbanked 02h, unbanked 03h, unbanked 04h, unbanked 05h, unbanked 06h, unbanked 07h, unbanked 08h, unbanked 09h, unbanked 0Ah, bank 0 xxxx xxxx 1011 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 A: 1111 1111 B: 0011 1111 0000 0000 1111 1111 101- 0--1 -000 0000 xxxx xxxx 0000 0000 1111 1111 0001 1xxx 00xx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx A: xxxx xxxx B: --xx xxxx xxxx xxxx RSTB Reset uuuu uuuu 1011 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 A: 1111 1111 B: 0011 1111 0000 0000 1111 1111 101- 0--1 -000 0000 uuuu uuuu 0000 0000 1111 1111 000# #uuu 00uu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu A: uuuu uuuu B: --uu uuuu uuuu uuuu WDT Reset uuuu uuuu 1u11 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 A: 1111 1111 B: 0011 1111 0000 0000 1111 1111 101- 0--1 -000 0000 uuuu uuuu 0000 0000 1111 1111 000# #uuu 00uu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu A: uuuu uuuu B: --uu uuuu uuuu uuuu Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.39/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY SPITXB SPISTAT SPICON TMR1 PR1 T23CON TMR2 PR2 TMR3 PR3 PWMCON PW0DCL PW0DCH PW1DCL PW1DCH RFCCON RFCDL RFCDH CMPDX CMPDY CMPSTAT INTFLAG General Purpose Registers 0Bh, bank 0 0Ch, bank 0 0Dh, bank 0 0Eh, bank 0 0Fh, bank 0 0Ah, bank 1 0Bh, bank 1 0Ch, bank 1 0Dh, bank 1 0Eh, bank 1 0Ah, bank 2 0Bh, bank 2 0Ch, bank 2 0Dh, bank 2 0Eh, bank 2 0Ah, bank 3 0Bh, bank 3 0Ch, bank 3 0Dh, bank 3 0Eh, bank 3 0Fh, bank 3 3Fh, unbanked xxxx xxxx 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 1111 1111 ---0 0000 0000 0000 1111 1111 0000 0000 1111 1111 ---- -000 00-- ---0000 0000 00-- ---0000 0000 000- 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ---- 0000 0000 0000 xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 1111 1111 ---0 0000 0000 0000 1111 1111 0000 0000 1111 1111 ---- -000 00-- ---0000 0000 00-- ---0000 0000 000- 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ---- 0000 0000 0000 uuuu uuuu FM8P51 uuuu uuuu 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 1111 1111 ---0 0000 0000 0000 1111 1111 0000 0000 1111 1111 ---- -000 00-- ---0000 0000 00-- ---0000 0000 000- 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ---- 0000 0000 0000 uuuu uuuu Legend: u = unchanged, x = unknown, - = unimplemented, # = refer to the following table for possible values. TABLE 2.7: TO / PD Status after Reset TO 1 1 u 1 0 0 PD RESET was caused by Power-on Reset Brown-out reset RSTB Reset during normal operation RSTB Reset during SLEEP WDT Reset during normal operation WDT Wake-up during SLEEP 1 1 u 0 1 0 Legend: u = unchanged TABLE 2.8: Events Affecting TO / PD Status Bits Event Power-on WDT Time-Out SLEEP instruction CLRWDT instruction Legend: u = unchanged TO 1 0 1 1 PD 1 u 0 1 Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.40/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY 2.13 Hexadecimal Convert to Decimal (HCD) FM8P51 Decimal format is another number format for FM8P51 series. When the content of the data memory has been assigned as decimal format, it is necessary to convert the results to decimal format after the execution of ALU instructions. When the decimal converting operation is processing, all of the operand data (including the contents of the data memory (RAM), accumulator (ACC), immediate data, and look-up table) should be in the decimal format, or the results of conversion will be incorrect. Instruction DAA can convert the ACC data from hexadecimal to decimal format after any addition operation and restored to ACC. The conversion operation is illustrated in example 2.2. EXAMPLE 2.2: DAA CONVERSION MOVIA 90h ;Set immediate data = decimal format number "90" (ACC 90h) MOVAR 30h ;Load immediate data "90" to data memory address 30H MOVIA 10h ;Set immediate data = decimal format number "10" (ACC 10h) ADDAR 30h, 0 ;Contents of the data memory address 30H and ACC are binary-added ;the result loads to the ACC (ACC A0h, C 0) DAA ;Convert the content of ACC to decimal format, and restored to ACC ;The result in the ACC is "00" and the carry bit C is "1". This represents the ;decimal number "100" Instruction DAS can convert the ACC data from hexadecimal to decimal format after any subtraction operation and restored to ACC. The conversion operation is illustrated in example 2.3. EXAMPLE 2.3: DAS CONVERSION MOVIA 10h ;Set immediate data = decimal format number "10" (ACC 10h) MOVAR 30h ;Load immediate data "10" to data memory address 30H MOVIA 20h ;Set immediate data = decimal format number "20" (ACC 20h) SUBAR 30h, 0 ;Contents of the data memory address 30H and ACC are binary-subtracted ;the result loads to the ACC (ACC F0h, C 0) DAS ;Convert the content of ACC to decimal format, and restored to ACC ;The result in the ACC is "90" and the carry bit C is "0". This represents the ;decimal number " -10" 2.14 Oscillator Configurations FM8P51 series can be operated in four different oscillator modes. Users can program two configuration bits (Fosc<1:0>) to select the appropriate modes: LF: Low Frequency Crystal Oscillator HF: High Frequency Crystal/Resonator Oscillator ERIC: External Resistor/Internal Capacitor Oscillator ERC: External Resistor/Capacitor Oscillator In LF, or HF modes, a crystal or ceramic resonator in connected to the OSCI and OSCO pins to establish oscillation. When in LF, or HF modes, the devices can have an external clock source drive the OSCI pin. The ERC/ERIC device option offers additional cost savings for timing insensitive applications. The RC oscillator frequency is a function of the supply voltage, the resistor (Rext) and capacitor (Cext), the operating temperature, and the process parameter. Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.41/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY FIGURE 2.17: HF, or LF Oscillator Modes (Crystal Operation or Ceramic Resonator) FM8P51 FM8P51 C1 X'TAL C2 RS OSCI RF OSCO SLEEP Internal Circuit FIGURE 2.18: HF, or LF Oscillator Modes (External Clock Input Operation) FM8P51 Clock from External System OSCI Open OSCO FIGURE 2.19: ERC Oscillator Mode (External RC Oscillator) Rext OSCI Cext OSCO FM8P51 Internal Circuit /2, /4 FIGURE 2.20: ERIC Oscillator Mode (External R, Internal C Oscillator) Rext OSCI C OSCO /2, /4 FM8P51 Internal Circuit Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.42/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY 2.15 Configurations Word TABLE 2.9: Configurations Word 0 bit Name Description FM8P51 1, 0 2 3 5, 4 6 8, 7 10, 9 11 12 Oscillator Selection Bits = 1, 1 ERC mode (external R & C) (default) ERIC mode (external R & internal C) Fosc<1:0> = 1, 0 = 0, 1 HF mode = 0, 0 LF mode Watchdog Timer Enable Bit WDTEN = 1, WDT enabled (default) = 0, WDT disabled Code Protection Bit PROTECT = 1, EPROM code protection off (default) = 0, EPROM code protection on Low Voltage Detector Selection Bit = 1, 1 disable (default) LVDT<1:0> = 0, 1 enable, LVDT voltage = 2.0V = 0, 0 enable, LVDT voltage = 3.6V Instruction Period Selection Bit OSCD = 1, four oscillator periods (default) = 0, two oscillator periods IOE7/CKOUT Selection Bits = 1, 1 enable IOE7 (default) CKOUT<1:0> = 0, 1 enable CKOUT, same phase of OSCI = 0, 0 enable CKOUT, opposite phase of OSCI Reset Delay Time Selection Bits = 1, 1 18 ms (default) 4.5 ms SUT<1:0> = 1, 0 = 0, 1 288 ms = 0, 0 72 ms Unused Type Selection Bit TYPE = 1, A type (44-pin) is selected (default) = 0, B type (40-pin) is selected TABLE 2.10: Configurations Word 1 bit Name Description 1, 0 3, 2 12 ~ 4 Power Mode Selection Bits = 1, 1 Power Mode 3, non-power saving (default) Power Mode 2, power saving PMOD<1:0> = 1, 0 = 0, 1 Power Mode 1, power saving = 0, 0 Power Mode 0, power saving SDI Input Delay Time Selection Bits = 1, 1 0ns (default) DEL<1:0> = 0, 1 50ns = 1, 0 100ns Unused Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.43/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY 3.0 INSTRUCTION SET Mnemonic, Operands BCR BSR BTRSC BTRSS NOP CLRWDT OPTION OPTIONR SLEEP DAA R, bit Set bit in R R, bit Test bit in R, Skip if Clear R, bit Test bit in R, Skip if Set No Operation Clear Watchdog Timer Load OPTION register Read OPTION register Go into power-down mode Description 0 1 R R Operation FM8P51 Cycles 1 1 1/2 1 1 1 1 1 1 (1) Status Affected TO , PD TO , PD C R, bit Clear bit in R Skip if R = 0 Skip if R = 1 No operation 00h 00h ACC 00h 00h WDT, WDT prescaler OPTION ACC WDT, WDT prescaler 1/2 (1) OPTION DAS TBL INT ENI DISI RETURN RETFIE CLRA IOST IOSTR CLRR MOVAR MOVR DECR R R R R R, d R, d Adjust ACC's data format from HEX to DEC after any addition ACC(hex) ACC(dec) operation Adjust ACC's data format from HEX to DEC after any subtraction ACC(hex) ACC(dec) operation PC<7:0> + ACC PC<7:0> Table look-up PC<9:8> unchanged PG<1:0> PC<11:10> PC + 1 Top of Stack, S/W interrupt 002h PC Set GIE bit Clear GIE bit Return from subroutine Return from interrupt, set GIE bit Clear ACC Load IOST register Read IOST register Clear R Move ACC to R Move R Decrement R Decrement R, Skip if 0 Increment R Increment R, Skip if 0 Add ACC and R Subtract ACC from R Add ACC and R with Carry Subtract ACC from R with Carry AND ACC with R 1 0 GIE GIE PC PC, 1 - 1 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1/2 (1) 1 1/2 (1) 1 1 1 1 1 C, DC, Z Z Z Z Z Z C, DC, Z C, DC, Z C, DC, Z C, DC, Z Z Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.44/FM8P51 Top of Stack Top of Stack 1 GIE 00h ACC 00h ACC R R-1 ACC IOST register ACC R R dest dest IOST register DECRSZ R, d INCR INCRSZ ADDAR SUBAR ADCAR SBCAR ANDAR R, d R, d R, d R, d R, d R, d R, d R-1 dest, Skip if result = 0 R+1 dest R+1 dest, Skip if result = 0 R + ACC R - ACC dest dest dest dest dest R + ACC + C R + ACC + C ACC and R FEELING TECHNOLOGY IORAR XORAR COMR RLR R, d R, d R, d R, d Inclusive OR ACC with R Exclusive OR ACC with R Complement R Rotate left f through Carry ACC or R R xor ACC R FM8P51 dest dest 1 1 1 1 Z Z Z C dest RRR SWAPR MOVIA ADDIA SUBIA ANDIA IORIA XORIA RETIA CALL GOTO R, d R, d I I I I I I I I I Rotate right f through Carry Swap R Move Immediate to ACC Add ACC and Immediate Subtract ACC from Immediate AND Immediate with ACC OR Immediate with ACC Exclusive OR Immediate to ACC Return, place Immediate in ACC Call subroutine Unconditional branch R<7> C, R<6:0> dest<7:1>, C dest<0> C dest<7>, R<7:1> dest<6:0>, R<0> C R<3:0> dest<7:4>, R<7:4> dest<3:0> I ACC ACC ACC ACC ACC ACC I + ACC I - ACC ACC and I ACC or I ACC xor I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 C C, DC, Z C, DC, Z Z Z Z - I ACC, Top of Stack PC PC + 1 Top of Stack, I PC<9:0> PG<1:0> PC<11:10> I PC<9:0> PG<1:0> PC<11:10> Note: 1. 2 cycles for skip, else 1 cycle 2. bit : Bit address within an 8-bit register R R : Register address (00h to 3Fh) I : Immediate data ACC : Accumulator d : Destination select; =0 (store result in ACC) =1 (store result in file register R) dest : Destination PC : Program Counter PG : Program Memory Page Select Bits WDT : Watchdog Timer Counter GIE : Global interrupt enable bit TO : Time-out bit PD : Power-down bit C : Carry bit DC : Digital carry bit Z : Zero bit Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.45/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY ADCAR Syntax: Operands: Operation: Status Affected: Description: Cycles: ADDAR Syntax: Operands: Operation: Status Affected: Description: Cycles: ADDIA Syntax: Operands: Operation: Status Affected: Description: Cycles: ANDAR Syntax: Operands: Operation: Status Affected: Description: Cycles: ANDIA Syntax: Operands: Operation: Status Affected: Description: Cycles: FM8P51 Add ACC and R with Carry ADCAR R, d 0 R 63 d [0,1] R + ACC + C dest C, DC, Z Add the contents of the ACC register and register `R' with Carry. If `d' is 0 the result is stored in the ACC register. If `d' is `1' the result is stored back in register `R'. 1 Add ACC and R ADDAR R, d 0 R 63 d [0,1] ACC + R dest C, DC, Z Add the contents of the ACC register and register `R'. If `d' is 0 the result is stored in the ACC register. If `d' is `1' the result is stored back in register `R'. 1 Add ACC and Immediate ADDIA I 0 I 255 ACC + I ACC C, DC, Z Add the contents of the ACC register with the 8-bit immediate `I'. The result is placed in the ACC register. 1 AND ACC and R ANDAR R, d 0 R 63 d [0,1] ACC and R dest Z The contents of the ACC register are AND'ed with register `R'. If `d' is 0 the result is stored in the ACC register. If `d' is `1' the result is stored back in register `R'. 1 AND Immediate with ACC ANDIA I 0 I 255 ACC AND I ACC Z The contents of the ACC register are AND'ed with the 8-bit immediate `I'. The result is placed in the ACC register. 1 Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.46/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY BCR Syntax: Operands: Operation: Status Affected: Description: Cycles: BSR Syntax: Operands: Operation: Status Affected: Description: Cycles: BTRSC Syntax: Operands: Operation: Status Affected: Description: Clear Bit in R BCF R, b 0 R 63 0b7 0 R None Clear bit `b' in register `R'. 1 Set Bit in R BSR R, b 0 R 63 0b7 1 R None Set bit `b' in register `R'. 1 FM8P51 Cycles: BTRSS Syntax: Operands: Operation: Status Affected: Description: Test Bit in R, Skip if Clear BTRSC R, b 0 R 63 0b7 Skip if R = 0 None If bit `b' in register `R' is 0 then the next instruction is skipped. If bit `b' is 0 then next instruction fetched during the current instruction execution is discarded, and a NOP is executed instead making this a 2-cycle instruction.. 1(2) Test Bit in R, Skip if Set BTRSS R, b 0 R 63 0b7 Skip if R = 1 None If bit `b' in register `R' is `1' then the next instruction is skipped. If bit `b' is `1', then the next instruction fetched during the current instruction execution, is discarded and a NOP is executed instead, making this a 2-cycle instruction. 1(2) Subroutine Call CALL I 0 I 1023 PC +1 Top of Stack; I PC<9:0> PG<1:0> PC<11:10> None Subroutine call. First, return address (PC+1) is pushed onto the stack. The 10-bit immediate address is loaded into PC bits <9:0>. CALL is a two-cycle instruction. 2 Cycles: CALL Syntax: Operands: Operation: Status Affected: Description: Cycles: Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.47/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY CLRA Syntax: Operands: Operation: Status Affected: Description: Cycles: CLRR Syntax: Operands: Operation: Status Affected: Description: Cycles: CLRWDT Syntax: Operands: Operation: Clear ACC CLRA None 00h ACC; 1 Z Z The ACC register is cleared. Zero bit (Z) is set. 1 Clear R CLRR R 0 R 63 00h R; 1 Z Z The contents of register `R' are cleared and the Z bit is set. 1 FM8P51 Status Affected: Description: Cycles: COMR Syntax: Operands: Operation: Status Affected: Description: Cycles: DAA Syntax: Operands: Operation: Status Affected: Description: Cycles: Clear Watchdog Timer CLRWDT None 00h WDT; 00h WDT prescaler (if assigned); 1 TO ; PD 1 TO , PD The CLRWDT instruction resets the WDT. It also resets the prescaler, if the prescaler is assigned to the WDT and not Timer0. Status bits TO and PD are set. 1 Complement R COMR R, d 0 R 63 d [0,1] R dest Z The contents of register `R' are complemented. If `d' is 0 the result is stored in the ACC register. If `d' is 1 the result is stored back in register `R'. 1 Adjust ACC's data format from HEX to DEC DAA None ACC(hex) C ACC(dec) Convert the ACC data from hexadecimal to decimal format after any addition operation and restored to ACC. 1 Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.48/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY DAS Syntax: Operands: Operation: Status Affected: Description: Cycles: DECR Syntax: Operands: Operation: Status Affected: Description: Cycles: DECRSZ Syntax: Operands: Operation: Status Affected: Description: FM8P51 Adjust ACC's data format from HEX to DEC DAS None ACC(hex) ACC(dec) None Convert the ACC data from hexadecimal to decimal format after any subtraction operation and restored to ACC. 1 Decrement R DECR R, d 0 R 63 d [0,1] R-1 dest Z Decrement register `R'. If `d' is 0 the result is stored in the ACC register. If `d' is 1 the result is stored back in register `R'. 1 Decrement R, Skip if 0 DECRSZ R, d 0 R 63 d [0,1] R-1 dest; skip if result =0 None The contents of register `R' are decremented. If `d' is 0 the result is placed in the ACC register. If `d' is 1 the result is placed back in register 'R'. If the result is 0, the next instruction, which is already fetched, is discarded and a NOP is executed instead making it a two-cycle instruction. 1(2) Clear GIE bit DISI None 0 GIE None Disable interrupt. 1 Set GIE bit ENI None 1 GIE None Enable interrupt. 1 Cycles: DISI Syntax: Operands: Operation: Status Affected: Description: Cycles: ENI Syntax: Operands: Operation: Status Affected: Description: Cycles: Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.49/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY GOTO Syntax: Operands: Operation: Status Affected: Description: Cycles: INCR Syntax: Operands: Operation: Status Affected: Description: Cycles: INCRSZ Syntax: Operands: Operation: Status Affected: Description: FM8P51 Unconditional Branch GOTO I 0 I 1023 I PC<9:0> PG<1:0> PC<11:10> None GOTO is an unconditional branch. The 10-bit immediate value is loaded into PC bits <9:0>. GOTO is a two-cycle instruction. 2 Increment R INCR R, d 0 R 63 d [0,1] R+1 dest Z The contents of register `R' are incremented. If `d' is 0 the result is placed in the ACC register. If `d' is 1 the result is placed back in register `R'. 1 Increment R, Skip if 0 INCRSZ R, d 0 R 63 d [0,1] R+1 dest, skip if result = 0 None The contents of register `R' are incremented. If `d' is 0 the result is placed in the ACC register. If `d' is the result is placed back in register `R'. If the result is 0, then the next instruction, which is already fetched, is discarded and a NOP is executed instead making it a two-cycle instruction. 1(2) S/W Interrupt INT None PC + 1 Top of Stack, 002h PC None Interrupt subroutine call. First, return address (PC+1) is pushed onto the stack. The address 002h is loaded into PC bits <10:0>. 2 OR ACC with R IORAR R, d 0 R 63 d [0,1] ACC or R dest Z Inclusive OR the ACC register with register `R'. If `d' is 0 the result is placed in the ACC register. If `d' is 1 the result is placed back in register `R'. 1 Cycles: INT Syntax: Operands: Operation: Status Affected: Description: Cycles: IORAR Syntax: Operands: Operation: Status Affected: Description: Cycles: Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.50/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY IORIA Syntax: Operands: Operation: Status Affected: Description: Cycles: IOST Syntax: Operands: Operation: Status Affected: Description: Cycles: IOSTR Syntax: Operands: Operation: Status Affected: Description: Cycles: MOVAR Syntax: Operands: Operation: Status Affected: Description: Cycles: MOVIA Syntax: Operands: Operation: Status Affected: Description: Cycles: MOVR Syntax: Operands: Operation: Status Affected: Description: FM8P51 OR Immediate with ACC IORIA I 0 I 255 ACC or I ACC Z The contents of the ACC register are OR'ed with the 8-bit immediate `I'. The result is placed in the ACC register. 1 Load IOST Register IOST R R = 5,6,7,8,9,12,13,14 or 15 ACC IOST register R None IOST register `R' (5,6,7,8,9,12,13,14 or 15) is loaded with the contents of the ACC register. 1 Read IOST Register IOSTR R R = 5,6,7,8, 9, C, D, E or F IOST register R ACC None The ACC register is loaded with the contents of IOST register `R' (5,6,7,8,9,12,13,14 or 15). 1 Move ACC to R MOVAR R 0 R 63 ACC R None Move data from the ACC register to register `R'. 1 Move Immediate to ACC MOVIA I 0 I 255 I ACC None The 8-bit immediate `I' is loaded into the ACC register. The don't cares will assemble as 0s. 1 Move R MOVR R, d 0 R 63 d [0,1] R dest Z The contents of register `R' is moved to destination `d'. If `d' is 0, destination is the ACC register. If `d' is 1, the destination is file register `R'. `d' is 1 is useful to test a file register since status flag Z is affected. 1 Cycles: Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.51/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY NOP Syntax: Operands: Operation: Status Affected: Description: Cycles: OPTION Syntax: Operands: Operation: Status Affected: Description: Cycles: OPTIONR Syntax: Operands: Operation: Status Affected: Description: Cycles: RETFIE Syntax: Operands: Operation: Status Affected: Description: Cycles: RETIA Syntax: Operands: Operation: Status Affected: Description: Cycles: RETURN Syntax: Operands: Operation: Status Affected: Description: Cycles: No Operation NOP None No operation None No operation. 1 Load OPTION Register OPTION None ACC OPTION None The content of the ACC register is loaded into the OPTION register. 1 Read OPTION Register OPTION None OPTION ACC None The content of the OPTION register is loaded into the ACC register. 1 FM8P51 Return from Interrupt, Set `GIE' Bit RETFIE None Top of Stack PC None The program counter is loaded from the top of the stack (the return address). The `GIE' bit is set to 1. This is a two-cycle instruction. 2 Return with Immediate in ACC RETIA I 0 I 255 I ACC; Top of Stack PC None The ACC register is loaded with the 8-bit immediate `I'. The program counter is loaded from the top of the stack (the return address). This is a two-cycle instruction. 2 Return from Subroutine RETURN None Top of Stack PC None The program counter is loaded from the top of the stack (the return address). This is a two-cycle instruction. 2 Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.52/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY RLR Syntax: Operands: Operation: FM8P51 Status Affected: Description: Cycles: RRR Syntax: Operands: Operation: Rotate Left f through Carry RLR R, d 0 R 63 d [0,1] R<7> C; R<6:0> dest<7:1>; C dest<0> C The contents of register `R' are rotated one bit to the left through the Carry Flag. If `d' is 0 the result is placed in the ACC register. If `d' is 1 the result is stored back in register `R'. 1 Rotate Right f through Carry RRR R, d 0 R 63 d [0,1] C dest<7>; R<7:1> dest<6:0>; R<0> C C The contents of register `R' are rotated one bit to the right through the Carry Flag. If `d' is 0 the result is placed in the ACC register. If `d' is 1 the result is placed back in register `R'. 1 Enter SLEEP Mode SLEEP None 00h WDT; 00h WDT prescaler; 1 TO ; PD 0 TO , PD Time-out status bit ( TO ) is set. The power-down status bit ( PD ) is cleared. The WDT and its prescaler are cleared. The processor is put into SLEEP mode. 1 Subtract ACC from R with Carry SBCAR R, d 0 R 63 d [0,1] R + ACC + C dest C, DC, Z Add the 2's complement method of the ACC register from register `R' with Carry. If `d' is 0 the result is stored in the ACC register. If `d' is 1 the result is stored back in register `R'. 1 Status Affected: Description: Cycles: SLEEP Syntax: Operands: Operation: Status Affected: Description: Cycles: SBCAR Syntax: Operands: Operation: Status Affected: Description: Cycles: Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.53/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY SUBAR Syntax: Operands: Operation: Status Affected: Description: Cycles: SUBIA Syntax: Operands: Operation: Status Affected: Description: Cycles: SWAPR Syntax: Operands: Operation: Status Affected: Description: Cycles: TBL Syntax: Operands: Operation: FM8P51 Subtract ACC from R SUBAR R, d 0 R 63 d [0,1] R - ACC dest C, DC, Z Subtract (2's complement method) the ACC register from register `R'. If `d' is 0 the result is stored in the ACC register. If `d' is 1 the result is stored back in register `R'. 1 Subtract ACC from Immediate SUBAR R, d 0 I 255 I - ACC ACC C, DC, Z Subtract (2's complement method) the ACC register from the 8-bit immediate `I'. The result is placed in the ACC register. 1 Swap nibbles in R SWAPR R, d 0 R 63 d [0,1] R<3:0> dest<7:4>; R<7:4> dest<3:0> None The upper and lower nibbles of register `R' are exchanged. If `d' is 0 the result is placed in ACC register. If `d' is 1 the result in placed in register `R'. 1 Table Look-up TBL None PC<7:0> + ACC PC<7:0> PC<9:8> unchanged PG<1:0> PC<11:10> C, DC, Z Operate with RETIA to look-up table 1 Exclusive OR ACC with R XORAR R, d 0 R 63 d [0,1] ACC xor R dest Z Exclusive OR the contents of the ACC register with register 'R'. If `d' is 0 the result is stored in the ACC register. If `d' is 1 the result is stored back in register `R'. 1 Status Affected: Description: Cycles: XORAR Syntax: Operands: Operation: Status Affected: Description: Cycles: Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.54/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY XORIA Syntax: Operands: Operation: Status Affected: Description: Cycles: FM8P51 Exclusive OR Immediate with ACC XORIA I 0 I 255 ACC xor I ACC Z The contents of the ACC register are XOR'ed with the 8-bit immediate `I'. The result is placed in the ACC register. 1 Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.55/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY 4.0 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Ambient Operating Temperature Store Temperature DC Supply Voltage (Vdd) Input Voltage with respect to Ground (Vss) FM8P51 0 to +70 -65 to +150 0V to +6.0V -0.3V to (Vdd + 0.3)V 5.0 OPERATING CONDITIONS DC Supply Voltage Operating Temperature +2.3V to +5.5V 0 to +70 Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.56/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY 6.0 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS 6.1 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS of FM8P51E To be defined 6.2 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS of FM8P51 Under Operating Conditions, at four clock instruction cycles and WDT & LVDT are disabled Sym FHF FLF FERIC FERC Description X'tal oscillation range X'tal oscillation range RC oscillation range RC oscillation range Conditions HF mode, Vdd=5V HF mode, Vdd=3V LF mode, Vdd=5V LF mode, Vdd=3V ERIC mode, Vdd=5V ERIC mode, Vdd=3V ERC mode, Vdd=5V ERC mode, Vdd=3V I/O ports, Vdd=5V VIH Input high voltage RSTB pin, Vdd=5V I/O ports, Vdd=3V RSTB pin, Vdd=3V I/O ports, Vdd=5V VIL Input low voltage RSTB pin, Vdd=5V I/O ports, Vdd=3V RSTB pin, Vdd=3V VOH1 VOH2 VOL1 VOL2 IPH IWDT TWDT ILVDT Output high voltage (IOC0,IOC1,IOC2) Output high voltage (other output pins) Output low voltage (IOC0,IOC1,IOC2) Output low voltage (other output pins) Pull-high current WDT current WDT period LVDT current IOH=9mA, Vdd=5V, HDC = 1 IOH=12mA, Vdd=5V, HDC = 0 IOH=12mA, Vdd=5V IOL=5.4mA, Vdd=5V, HDC = 1 IOL=8mA, Vdd=5V, HDC = 0 IOL=8mA, Vdd=5V Input pin at Vss, Vdd=5V Vdd=5V Vdd=3V Vdd=5V Vdd=3V Vdd=5V Vdd=3V Sleep mode, Vdd=5V, WDT enable ISB Power down current Sleep mode, Vdd=5V, WDT disable Sleep mode, Vdd=3V, WDT enable Sleep mode, Vdd=3V, WDT disable IDD Operating current 2MHz, Vdd = 5V 32KHz, Vdd = 3V 15 2.4 2.4 2.4 DC DC DC DC 2.0 3.8 1.6 2.4 32 Min. 1 FM8P51 Typ. Max. 20 1000 Unit MHz KHz MHZ MHz 10 10 V 1.0 1.0 0.6 0.6 V V V 0.4 0.4 0.4 -53 5.8 0.9 V V V uA uA mS uA 7 1.2 1.5 0.6 mA 20 30 uA 10 uA V Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.57/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY 2.0 PACKAGE DIMENSION 7.1 40-PIN PDIP 600mil FM8P51 40 21 E1 1 20 A2 H A SEATING PLANE L A 0.018Typ. 0.10DTyp. 0.050Typ. Symbols A A1 A2 D E E1 L eB o Dimension In Inches Min 0.015 0.150 2.055 0.540 0.115 0.630 0o Nom 0.155 2.060 0.600 BSC 0.545 0.130 0.650 7o 0.550 0.150 0.670 15o Max 0.220 0.160 2.070 eB E o D Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.58/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY 7.2 44-PIN QFP FM8P51 D D1 "A 44 34 1 33 E1 11 23 c E 0.20MIN A A2 3 0'MIN H 0.25 A1 o L 1.6 GAGE PLANE SEATING PLANE b 0.10 e Symbols A A1 A2 b D D1 E E1 L e o Dimension In Millimeters Min 0.25 1.9 13.00 9.9 13.00 9.9 0.73 0 o Nom 2.0 0.3 (TYP.) 13.20 10.00 13.20 10.00 0.88 0.80 (TYP.) 0.15 Max 2.7 0.50 2.2 13.40 10.10 13.40 10.10 0.93 7o 0.2 C 0.1 Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.59/FM8P51 FEELING TECHNOLOGY 8.0 ORDERING INFORMATION OTP Type MCU FM8P51EP FM8P51EF Package Type PDIP QFP Pin Count 40 44 FM8P51 Package Size 600 mil 10mm x 10mm Mask Type MCU FM8P51P FM8P51F Package Type PDIP QFP Pin Count 40 44 Package Size 600 mil 10mm x 10mm Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005 P.60/FM8P51 |
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